Which solution has the higher boiling point, 0.500 M glucose or 0.300 M KCl ? Explain.

Name: Problem 76, Chapter 9: Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2022-01-13T10:07:21-08:00
Duration: 2 min 22 s
Channel: John Nicolle
Description: Which solution has the higher boiling point, 0.500 M glucose or 0.300 M KCl ? Explain.

step 1 Hi, I hope you are doing well. So as elevation of boiling point depends on the number of solid p

Which solution has the higher boiling point, 0.500 M glucose...

Key Concepts

Colligative Properties

These properties of solutions depend solely on the number of solute particles rather than their individual identities. They include phenomena such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure. The impact of a solute on these properties is determined by the increase in particle number in the solution, making them crucial for understanding how solutes modify physical properties of solvents.

Boiling Point Elevation

Boiling point elevation is a colligative property where the addition of a solute to a solvent raises the temperature at which the solvent boils. This elevation occurs because the solute particles interfere with the solvent molecules, reducing their vapor pressure and requiring a higher temperature to reach boiling. The magnitude of the elevation can be predicted using the formula ?Tb = Kb × m × i, where m is the molality and i is the van 't Hoff factor.

van 't Hoff Factor

The van 't Hoff factor (i) quantifies the number of particles into which a solute dissociates in solution. For non-electrolytes that do not dissociate, i is typically 1, while electrolytes that dissociate into ions have an i value greater than 1. This factor is essential in calculating the extent of boiling point elevation or other colligative effects because it directly influences the effective concentration of solute particles in the solvent.

Electrolytes versus Non-electrolytes

Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in a solvent, increasing the total number of particles and thereby enhancing colligative effects such as boiling point elevation. Non-electrolytes, on the other hand, do not dissociate and therefore contribute fewer particles to the solution. This difference is crucial when comparing solutions, as more particles result in more pronounced changes in the boiling point.

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