Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a....

Name: Problem 86, Chapter 2: Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-09-17T23:23:51-08:00
Duration: 5 min 42 s
Channel: Vishal Sharma
Description: Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a. ammonium hydrogen phosphate b. mercury(1) sulfide c. silicon dioxide d. sodium sulfite e. aluminum hydrogen sulfate f. nitrogen trichloride g. hydrobromic acid h. bromous acid i. perbromic acid j. potassium hydrogen sulfide k. calcium iodide I, cesium perchlorate

Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a. ammonium hydrogen phosphate b. mercury(1) sulfide c. silicon dioxide d. sodium sulfite e. aluminum hydrogen sulfate f. nitrogen trichloride g. hydrobromic acid h. bromous acid i. perbromic acid j. potassium hydrogen sulfide k. calcium iodide I, cesium perchlorate

Write the formula for each of the following compounds:
a. ammonium hydrogen phosphate
b. mercury(1) sulfide
c. silicon dioxide
d. sodium sulfite
e. aluminum hydrogen sulfate
f. nitrogen trichloride
g. hydrobromic acid
h. bromous acid
i. perbromic acid
j. potassium hydrogen sulfide
k. calcium iodide
I, cesium perchlorate

Key Concepts

Acid Nomenclature

Acid nomenclature involves naming acids based on their composition and the presence of hydrogen atoms that can be released as protons. For binary acids, the name typically starts with hydrogen followed by a nonmetal, while oxyacids derive their names from the polyatomic ions they form when deprotonated. Modifiers like 'per-' and 'hypo-' denote variations in oxygen content and oxidation states within a series of related acids.

Oxidation States and Charge Balance

Understanding oxidation states allows one to determine how many electrons an atom loses or gains, which is key in predicting the charge on ions. By knowing the oxidation states, one can ensure that the total positive and negative charges in a compound cancel out, leading to the correct empirical chemical formula.

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are charged species composed of two or more covalently bonded atoms that act as a single unit in compounds. Recognizing standard polyatomic ions, such as ammonium or sulfate, is essential for writing correct chemical formulas, as their known charges determine how they combine with other ions in ionic compounds.

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is the systematic method of naming chemical compounds. It provides rules to derive a compound’s formula from its name and vice versa, ensuring clarity and consistency in communication among chemists. This includes understanding prefixes, suffixes, and oxidation states in the names of molecules and ions.

Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds consist of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. Writing the formula for an ionic compound involves balancing these charges to achieve overall neutrality. This requires identifying the formula units for both simple ions and polyatomic ions and determining the correct ratios of each based on their charges.

Covalent Compounds

Covalent compounds are formed when atoms share electrons rather than transferring them, and their formulas are written based on the number and types of atoms present. In molecular compounds, subscripts in the chemical formula represent the number of atoms of each element in a molecule, which does not necessarily follow the charge balance rule used for ionic compounds.

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