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Read the famous reading "Thinking Like a Mountain" from A Sand Country Almanac by Aldo Leopold. Then answer the following 5 questions. Flag question: Question 3 Question 3 2 pts When wolf populations are removed, how do mountain (forest) communities change? Group of answer choices The removal of wolves leads to a decrease in the deer population, which allows the plant population to increase. The removal of wolves causes the deer population to expand and overgraze, killing the plants, which leads to the collapse of the entire community, including the deer who die from lack of food. The removal of wolves causes the deer and plant populations to increase. The increase in plants creates a more complex 3D structure which allows more animals to coexist, increasing the diversity of the forest community. The removal of wolves causes the deer and plant populations to decrease simultaneously. Flag question: Question 4 Question 4 2 pts What does the green fire dying in the wolf’s eyes represent? Group of answer choices The mountain/forest community dying with the wolf. The sickness of the wolf ending as the wolf died. The danger of the wolf to deer ending as the wolf dies. The danger of wolves to the entire forest community ending as the wolf dies. Flag question: Question 5 Question 5 2 pts The book from which this chapter was taken, A Sand County Almanac, was published in 1949. How does it relate to the recently released film, The Serengeti Rules? Group of answer choices Leopold did not understand the concept of keystone species in 1949. Keystone species were not appreciated until Paine's work in 1969. Leopold did not understand trophic cascades. It was not until Paine's work in 1969 that trophic cascades were understood. Leopold proposed the idea of keystone species before Paine discovered them in his 1969 experiment. Leopold recognized that wolves reduce the deer population, reducing the number of game for deer hunters, years before Paine showed the same thing in his research

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AWAITING AN EDUCATOR

Read the famous section "Thinking Like a Mountain" from A Sand Country Almanac by Aldo Leopold. Then answer the following 5 questions. Flag question: Question 1 Question 1 2 pts In paragraph 3, Aldo Leopold makes the point that wolves have a _____ effect on their community. Group of answer choices narrow and weak widespread and powerful Flag question: Question 2 Question 2 2 pts How did Aldo Leopold justify what he did to the wolf? How did he err in his thinking? Group of answer choices Leopold thought that killing wolves would lead to an increase in the diversity of the forest community.. He wanted to improve the forest community, but did not understand how trophic cascades work. Leopold thought killing wolves would improve conditions for farmers in the area. They would not have to worry about wolves killing their livestock. He did not understand that wolves rarely take sheep and cattle as they prefer to stay in forested areas and avoid open pastures. Leopold thought that killing wolves would increase the deer population and make it easier for deer hunters. He did not consider that the wolves have a much wider impact on the ecosystem than just reducing the deer population. Leopold though that killing wolves would stop the suffering of deer which the wolves hunt. He did not realize that without wolves, the deer population would get so large that many would starve from lack of food over the winter. .

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Read the article “Daring to live on the edge” then answer the following questions. Flag question: Question 7 Question 7 1 pts Which house sparrows have a higher concentration of Toll-like receptors that trigger immune-system response to pathogens, giving the birds a powerful immune system? Group of answer choices Individuals in older, established populations, Individuals on the leading edge of the invasion. Flag question: Question 8 Question 8 1 pts Which house sparrows are flexible in their feeding preference, quickly utilizing novel foods? Group of answer choices Individuals in older, established populations. Individuals on the leading edge of the invasion. Flag question: Question 9 Question 9 1 pts The next step is to understand why leading edge birds have different behaviors than birds living in longer-settled populations. In particular, the researchers hypothesize that novel behaviors might be the result of ____________________ in leading edge birds. Group of answer choices physical change genetic change phenotypic plasticiity change physiological change Flag question: Question 10 Question 10 1 pts In this article, the writer repeatedly referred to the trade-off between a metabolically expensive trait and the potential benefit this trait confers. If individuals derive a survival (and hence, reproductive) benefit from maintaining a metabolically-expensive trait, then that trait ____a._____ their population. However, if maintaining a metabolically-expensive trait does not provide a benefit to individuals, then the trait____b.______ the population. Group of answer choices a. disappears from; b. becomes established in a. becomes established in; b. disappears from

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Read the article “Daring to live on the edge” then answer the following questions Question 4 1 pts Which population of house species has inhabited Kenya for the longest period of time? Group of answer choices The Mombasa population The Nairobi population The population on the Kenya-Uganda border Flag question: Question 5 Question 5 1 pts Which population of house sparrows is on the leading edge of the Kenyan invasion? Group of answer choices The Mombasa population The Nairobi population The population on the Kenya-Uganda border Flag question: Question 6 Question 6 1 pts Which house sparrows release more stress hormones and have a higher ratio of stress hormone receptors in their brains, giving a greater stress response? Group of answer choices Individuals in older, established populations. Individuals on the leading edge of the invasion.

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AWAITING AN EDUCATOR

Read the article: "Daring to Live on the Edge". Then use what you have learned to answer these 10 questions. Flag question: Question 1 Question 1 1 pts Dr. Martin and his colleagues are interested in understanding what traits allow a species to ... Group of answer choices live on the edge of steep coastal cliffs become abundant in their native range become abundant in their invaded habitat expand their range from the site of their introduction into new locations Flag question: Question 2 Question 2 1 pts It was already known that invasive species have certain characteristics. What was known about invasive species’ diet, habitat choice and reproductive rate? Group of answer choices Invasive species eat a wide variety of foods, live in many different habitats, and reproduce quickly. Invasive species eat a wide variety of foods, will live in many different habitats, and reproduce slowly. Invasive species eat a wide variety of foods, live in only one type of habitat, and reproduce quickly. Invasive species eat only a few types of food, live only one type of habitat, and reproduce quickly. Invasive species eat a wide variety of foods, live in one type of habitat, and reproduce slowly. Invasive species eat only one type of food, live in only one type of habitat, and reproduce quickly. Flag question: Question 3 Question 3 1 pts Dr. Martin suggests that not only do invasive species have unique traits, but that individuals at the leading edge of an invasion have special traits that make them different from individuals of the same species living in areas that have been settled for a longer time. House sparrows (Passer domesticus) invaded New Jersey 150 years ago and invaded Panama only 30 years ago. How is the feeding behavior of the Panamanian birds different from that of the New Jersey birds? Group of answer choices Panamanian house sparrows eat seeds, while New Jersey sparrows eat only insects. Panamanian house sparrows eat a wide variety of foods, including novel foods, while the New Jersey house sparrows eat only foods they are used to eating. Panamanian house sparrows eat only foods they are used to, while the New Jersey house sparrows eat a wide variety of foods, including novel foods. Panamanian house sparrows will not touch dog food, but New Jersey house sparrows will eat many types of dog food.

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Grigoriy Sereda

Numerade educator

4. Which of the following resonance structures is/are the MOST important resonance contributors for acetate anion, CH3COO-? 1 2 3 4

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Katlin Koehn

Numerade educator

Match each the extinction paradigm below to the person who made it popular. [ Select ] Conditions on Earth usually change slowly, but once in a while catastrophes do occur. These catastrophes, although rare, are extremely important because they determine the pattern of life on Earth. [ Select ] Extinctions are slow and gradual. Each species goes extinct at its own time, the result of its struggle for existence with new, more improved, forms. [ Select ] Species go extinct, the result of terrible catastrophes Alvarez and modern geologists Cuvier Lyell A major study of marine fossils in 1984 found evidence of _____ major mass extinction/s in the history of life on Earth, with many smaller extinctions too. 1 2 3

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Luke Humphrey

Numerade educator

Which is the modern view of communities? Communities are stable assemblages of species at equilibrium. Most communities are not stable or at equilibrium but are constantly changing as the result of disturbance. Which community is expected to have the greatest species diversity? A community that is rarely exposed to fire, intense storms, drought, or flooding. A community that is moderately exposed to fire, intense storms, drought, or flooding. A community that is often exposed to fire, intense storms, drought, or flooding. A new oceanic island forms when an underwater volcano spews lava that cools and hardens into rock. Over time, species of lichens and mosses create soil on the island. Then plants and finally animals establish populations on the new island. A community arises. This is an example of .... Primary Succession Secondary Succession Currently, the strongest environmental disturbance is caused by... Earthquakes Drought Fire Humans Storms Volcanoes

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Danielle Ashley

Numerade educator

Which is the only community interaction in which one species is NOT affected by the other? Group of answer choices Commensalism Competition Mutualism Parasitism Predation Which community would be the most diverse? Group of answer choices A community with low species richness where all the species have nearly equal relative abundance. A community with low species richness where one species is very abundant and the other species are rare. A community with high species richness where all the species have nearly equal relative abundance. A community with high species richness where one species is very abundant and the other species are rare. Which community would be expected to have the highest species richness? Group of answer choices A community that inhabits a small geographic area near the poles. A community that inhabits a small geographic area near the equator. A community that inhabits a large geographic area area near the poles. A community that inhabits a large geographic area near the equator. In both terrestrial and marine communities, the entrance of a new pathogen such as protist that kills oak trees and the microbe that causes white-band disease in corals, has... Group of answer choices increased the diversity of the infected community decreased the diversity of the infected community Of the four major threats to biodiversity, which is currently the greatest threat to biodiversity around the globe? Group of answer choices Global change Habitat loss Introduced species Overharvesting

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Use the graphs below to answer the following 5 questions. Time The growth of Lemee poivuhize when cultured alone. Time The growth of Lemng gibba when cultured alone. Time The growth of bemng oobrchizg and bemng gibbg when cultured together. "All graphs show cultures initiated and maintained under the same conditions.

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Scotty B.