QUESTION 2
Recommend?
SMARK'S
(ii) that must be added by the pump
15 MARKS
Figure 1. A pumping system
QUESTION 3 a
Explain how cavitation damages hydraulic turbines. How is this detected when the turbine runs? List any four (4) ways of increasing the available NPSH to avoid cavitation. 19 MARKS
b
When a test was carried out on a pump, it was found that for a pump total head of 36m at a discharge of 0.05 m/s, cavitation began when the sum of the static pressure and velocity head at the inlet was reduced to 3.5 m. The atmospheric pressure was 750 mmHg and the vapor pressure of water was 1.8 kPa. If the pump is to operate at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 620 mmHg and the temperature is reduced so that the vapor pressure of water is 830 Pa, what is the value of the cavitation parameter when the pump develops the same head and discharge? Is it necessary to reduce the height of the pump? If so, by how much? 15 MARKS