Let us assume an argument has the premise $p$ and the conclusion NOT $p$. Read in Lyons and Ward about the negation of a statement, if needed.in a formal format:
$\frac{p}{\sim p}$
we read $\sim$ as another symbol for negation ("NOT")
This argument is:
Ovalid, as there is no way to make the premise true and the conclusion false.
Oinvalid, as there is a way to make the premise true and the conclusion false. In fact this always happen, no matter what you choose as proposition p!
Oinductive
OWe do not have enough information to determine whether this argument is valid
OThis argument is sound, so it is valid
