Question

I (Multiple choice questions 1 – 17, 4 pts each) 1. Observations show that elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 (such as oxygen-16, neon-20, and magnesium-24) tend to be more abundant in the universe than elements with atomic mass numbers in between. Why do we think this is the case? a) This pattern in elemental abundances was apparently determined during the first few minutes after the Big Bang. b) The apparent pattern is thought to be a random coincidence. c) Elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 tend to be more stable than elements in between. d) At the end of a high-mass star’s life, it produces new elements through a series of helium capture reactions. 2. Which of statement below about black holes is not true? a) A spaceship passing near a 10 solar-mass black hole is much more likely to be destroyed than a spaceship passing at the same distance from the center of a 10 solar-mass main-sequence star. b) Based on current theory of evolution of stars, we do not expect solar-mass black holes. c) Although we are not 100% certain that black holes exist, we have strong observational evidence in favor of their existence. d) In the movie ‘Interstellar’, Joseph Cooper falls into the event horizon of the supermassive black hole ‘Gargantua’. He was not torn apart by the intense tidal force of the black hole, which is correct. 3. What evidence suggests that most of the mass of the Milky Way is in the form of dark matter? a) Theoretical models of galaxy formation suggest that a galaxy cannot form unless it has at least 10 times as much matter as we see in the Milky Way disk. b) Although dark matter emits no visible light, we have detected its radio emissions. c) Our view of distant galaxies is often obscured by dark blotches, which are presumably made of dark matter. d) The orbital speeds of stars far from the galactic center are surprisingly high. 4. Which of these stars have hydrogen fusion occurring inside? a) a red giant star b) an AGB star c) a horizontal branch star d) a red main sequence star e) a blue main sequence star f) all of them 5. The Milky Way disk does not rotate like a solid wheel. What is the best evidence? a) The rotation of disk stars around the Sun decreases with distance according to Kepler’s law. b) Density wave creates the spiral pattern in the disk. c) Stars in the disk have Doppler shifts. d) Disk stars rotate twice as quickly that are three times as far from the Galactic center. 6. What is the ultimate origin of the energy released in a type II supernova? a) gravitational b) radiation c) nuclear decays d) thermal pressure e) neutrinos 7. For the supernovae with a massive star progenitor, almost the entire supernova explosion energy is carried out by a) gamma-ray photons. b) optical photons. c) cosmic rays. d) shocks. e) neutrinos. NEED answer for problem 2, 4, 6, 7 and why!!!

I (Multiple choice questions 1 – 17, 4 pts each)

1. Observations show that elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 (such as oxygen-16, neon-20, and magnesium-24) tend to be more abundant in the universe than elements with atomic mass numbers in between. Why do we think this is the case?
a) This pattern in elemental abundances was apparently determined during the first few minutes after the Big Bang.
b) The apparent pattern is thought to be a random coincidence.
c) Elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 tend to be more stable than elements in between.
d) At the end of a high-mass star’s life, it produces new elements through a series of helium capture reactions.

2. Which of statement below about black holes is not true?
a) A spaceship passing near a 10 solar-mass black hole is much more likely to be destroyed than a spaceship passing at the same distance from the center of a 10 solar-mass main-sequence star.
b) Based on current theory of evolution of stars, we do not expect solar-mass black holes.
c) Although we are not 100% certain that black holes exist, we have strong observational evidence in favor of their existence.
d) In the movie ‘Interstellar’, Joseph Cooper falls into the event horizon of the supermassive black hole ‘Gargantua’. He was not torn apart by the intense tidal force of the black hole, which is correct.

3. What evidence suggests that most of the mass of the Milky Way is in the form of dark matter?
a) Theoretical models of galaxy formation suggest that a galaxy cannot form unless it has at least 10 times as much matter as we see in the Milky Way disk.
b) Although dark matter emits no visible light, we have detected its radio emissions.
c) Our view of distant galaxies is often obscured by dark blotches, which are presumably made of dark matter.
d) The orbital speeds of stars far from the galactic center are surprisingly high.

4. Which of these stars have hydrogen fusion occurring inside?
a) a red giant star
b) an AGB star
c) a horizontal branch star
d) a red main sequence star
e) a blue main sequence star
f) all of them

5. The Milky Way disk does not rotate like a solid wheel. What is the best evidence?
a) The rotation of disk stars around the Sun decreases with distance according to Kepler’s law.
b) Density wave creates the spiral pattern in the disk.
c) Stars in the disk have Doppler shifts.
d) Disk stars rotate twice as quickly that are three times as far from the Galactic center.

6. What is the ultimate origin of the energy released in a type II supernova?
a) gravitational
b) radiation
c) nuclear decays
d) thermal pressure
e) neutrinos

7. For the supernovae with a massive star progenitor, almost the entire supernova explosion energy is carried out by
a) gamma-ray photons.
b) optical photons.
c) cosmic rays.
d) shocks.
e) neutrinos.

NEED answer for problem 2, 4, 6, 7 and why!!!

I (Multiple choice questions 1 – 17, 4 pts each)

1. Observations show that elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 (such as oxygen-16, neon-20, and magnesium-24) tend to be more abundant in the universe than elements with atomic mass numbers in between. Why do we think this is the case?
a) This pattern in elemental abundances was apparently determined during the first few minutes after the Big Bang.
b) The apparent pattern is thought to be a random coincidence.
c) Elements with atomic mass numbers divisible by 4 tend to be more stable than elements in between.
d) At the end of a high-mass star’s life, it produces new elements through a series of helium capture reactions.

2. Which of statement below about black holes is not true?
a) A spaceship passing near a 10 solar-mass black hole is much more likely to be destroyed than a spaceship passing at the same distance from the center of a 10 solar-mass main-sequence star.
b) Based on current theory of evolution of stars, we do not expect solar-mass black holes.
c) Although we are not 100% certain that black holes exist, we have strong observational evidence in favor of their existence.
d) In the movie ‘Interstellar’, Joseph Cooper falls into the event horizon of the supermassive black hole ‘Gargantua’. He was not torn apart by the intense tidal force of the black hole, which is correct.

3. What evidence suggests that most of the mass of the Milky Way is in the form of dark matter?
a) Theoretical models of galaxy formation suggest that a galaxy cannot form unless it has at least 10 times as much matter as we see in the Milky Way disk.
b) Although dark matter emits no visible light, we have detected its radio emissions.
c) Our view of distant galaxies is often obscured by dark blotches, which are presumably made of dark matter.
d) The orbital speeds of stars far from the galactic center are surprisingly high.

4. Which of these stars have hydrogen fusion occurring inside?
a) a red giant star
b) an AGB star
c) a horizontal branch star
d) a red main sequence star
e) a blue main sequence star
f) all of them

5. The Milky Way disk does not rotate like a solid wheel. What is the best evidence?
a) The rotation of disk stars around the Sun decreases with distance according to Kepler’s law.
b) Density wave creates the spiral pattern in the disk.
c) Stars in the disk have Doppler shifts.
d) Disk stars rotate twice as quickly that are three times as far from the Galactic center.

6. What is the ultimate origin of the energy released in a type II supernova?
a) gravitational
b) radiation
c) nuclear decays
d) thermal pressure
e) neutrinos

7. For the supernovae with a massive star progenitor, almost the entire supernova explosion energy is carried out by
a) gamma-ray photons.
b) optical photons.
c) cosmic rays.
d) shocks.
e) neutrinos.

NEED answer for problem 2, 4, 6, 7 and why!!!

Added by Nathaniel M.

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