00:01
So in these questions, we are discussing a couple concepts surrounding natural selection, specifically darwin's version of natural selection.
00:10
So in the first question, we see that darwin goes to the galapagos islands and he sees a bunch of tortoises.
00:19
And he realizes that the galapagos island tortoises are similar to the tortoises in south america.
00:28
And so this, the main reason for this, or what darwin eventually puts into his theory of natural selection, is that these animals are descended from a common ancestor.
00:43
So it's not that these animals are completely unique.
00:48
It's not that they chose to be different or anything like that.
00:51
It's because they have a common ancestor and somehow tortoises from south america got to the galapagos islands.
00:58
And that's why these animals are similar.
01:01
In the next question, we have a couple of options on which things are not considered in the theory of natural selection, of evolution by natural selection.
01:15
And so all of these answers are correct except for learned behaviors.
01:21
So learned behaviors is not correct because when an animal learns something in its lifetime, it can't pass on that learned behavior to offspring.
01:32
And everything in the ideas of natural selection or evolution requires that characteristics be able to be passed to offspring.
01:42
But learned behaviors cannot be passed to offspring, at least not through genetics, which is what evolution is based on.
01:49
So the answer here is the one thing that is not included in the theory of evolution by natural selection, and that is learned behaviors.
01:58
And the next question, we've got some finches, also in the galapagos islands, that have various beak shapes in relation to what they're eating on that island, right? and we have a couple options on why or how these animals got to have different beak shapes...