17. Decreased levels of bile salts in the bile would interfere with a) protein digestion b) fat digestion c) digestion of disaccharides d) digestion of complex carbohydrates e) digestion of vitamins 18. A molecule that blocks the activity of myosin light chain kinase would a) increase the contractility of smooth muscle in the intestine b) stimulate mass movements of the large intestine c) interfere with smooth muscle contraction d) rapidly deplete intracellular stores of ATP e) increase membrane permeability to calcium ions 19. Which one of the following factors best explains an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? a) Increased arterial plasma oncotic pressure b) Increased hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's capsule c) Increased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure d) Decreased net filtration pressure e) Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole 20. Measurements taken after an intravenous injection of inulin indicate that the substance appears to be distributed throughout 30% to 35% of the total body water (TBW). This finding suggests that inulin most likely is a) excluded from the cells b) distributed uniformly throughout the total body water volume c) restricted to the plasma volume d) neither excreted nor metabolized by the body e) not freely diffusible through capillary membranes
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Inulin is a carbohydrate that is found in plant-based foods. Show moreā¦
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Adi S.
20 Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats by large fat droplets. 22 Pancreatic juice enters the small intestine at the duodenal papilla. 23 A blood clot blocking flow through the liver might cause jaundice. 24 Pancreatic juice is an alkaline mixture of enzymes, water, and ions produced by acinar cells. 25 What are the pancreatic enzymes? 26 Which of the following descriptions best matches the term submucosal plexus? 27 Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called 28 The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the 28 Which of the following descriptions best matches the term myenteric plexus? 29 Contraction of the alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds. 30 The are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels.
Madhur L.
14. The chloride cells of anadromous salmon actively secrete salts in young animals living in the ocean and switch to absorb salts in adult animals after they have migrated upstream to freshwater in order to spawn. 15. In what part of the vertebrate digestive system does most digestion and nutrient absorption occur? A. foregut B. midgut C. hindgut 16. Some birds have a foregut modification called a crop that is used to temporarily store food, including food that will be regurgitated to feed their young offspring (it is also the structure pigeons and flamingos use to produce "milk" for their young). A. crop B. gizzard C. rumen D. cecum 17. Which of the following digestive enzymes/chemicals is produced by the liver, stored and concentrated in the gall bladder and released into the small intestine to facilitate the digestion of lipids? A. bile salts B. carboxypeptidase C. amylase D. trypsin 18. Symbiotic associations with microbes allows many animals to obtain: A. nutrition (e.g., carbohydrates via photosynthesis) B. important nutrients (e.g., vitamins K and B) C. help with digesting certain macromolecules (e.g., cellulose and chitin) D. all of the above 19. Which organ of the body is responsible for the deamination of amino acids and nucleic acids and is responsible for producing the major nitrogenous wastes (e.g., ammonia, urea and uric acid)? A. liver B. pancreas C. kidney
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