A biologist conducted an experiment on two islands (A and B) of similar size, climate, species composition, and richness. Originally, the same species of hawk, an apex predator, was present on both islands and no other predators challenged them. In her experiment, the biologist removed the hawk from island A but not from island B. She then recorded the number of animal species on each island over a period of 24 months. The data collected is shown in the graph below: (3 points)
Analyze the data above in terms of interspecific relationships and communities. Which statement best explains the difference in species present on each island over the course of the experiment?
The hawk was a keystone species.
The hawk was a foundation species.
Island A needs the hawk as an ecosystem engineer.
Island B lost diversity due to the remaining hawks.