Question

3. Nucleotide synthesis a. Wild-type E. coli cells can synthesize all 20 common amino acids, but some mutants, called amino acid auxotrophs, are unable to synthesize a specific amino acid and require its addition to the culture medium for optimal growth. Consider the three amino acid auxotrophs that are unable to synthesize glycine, glutamine, or aspartate. Which ribonucleotide(s) would not be synthesized in each of these auxotrophs? (ATP, СТР, GTP, UTP)? b. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a deficiency in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT), a key enzyme in the salvage pathway for purines. It allows the bases hypoxanthine and guanine to be reformed into IMP and GMP, respectively. i. One of the consequences of this syndrome is a decrease in GMP and the accumulation of PRPP. How does each affect purine synthesis? ii. Another consequence of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is the accumulation of excessive amounts of uric acid, like in gout. Why is this the case? How could allopurinol (shown) moderate high uric acid production? HN N

          3. Nucleotide synthesis
a. Wild-type E. coli cells can synthesize all 20 common amino acids, but some mutants,
called amino acid auxotrophs, are unable to synthesize a specific amino acid and require
its addition to the culture medium for optimal growth. Consider the three amino acid
auxotrophs that are unable to synthesize glycine, glutamine, or aspartate. Which
ribonucleotide(s) would not be synthesized in each of these auxotrophs? (ATP, СТР,
GTP, UTP)?
b. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a deficiency in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl
transferase (HGPRT), a key enzyme in the salvage pathway for purines. It allows the
bases hypoxanthine and guanine to be reformed into IMP and GMP, respectively.
i. One of the consequences of this syndrome is a decrease in GMP and the accumulation
of PRPP. How does each affect purine synthesis?
ii. Another consequence of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is the accumulation
of excessive amounts of uric acid, like in gout. Why is this the case?
How could allopurinol (shown) moderate high uric acid production?
HN
N

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3 nucleotide synthesis a wild type e coli cells can synthesize all 20 common amino acids but some mutants called amino acid auxotrophs are unable to synthesize a specific amino acid and requ 26321

Added by Leah A.

Biology for AP Courses

Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht

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Solved by Expert Jiva Y

01/17/2022

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The question asks which ribonucleotides would not be synthesized in auxotrophs that cannot synthesize glycine, glutamine, or aspartate. Glycine is a precursor for purine synthesis (ATP, GTP). Glutamine is involved in the synthesis of both purines and pyrimidines Show more…

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3. Nucleotide synthesis a. Wild-type E. coli cells can synthesize all 20 common amino acids, but some mutants, called amino acid auxotrophs, are unable to synthesize a specific amino acid and require its addition to the culture medium for optimal growth. Consider the three amino acid auxotrophs that are unable to synthesize glycine, glutamine, or aspartate. Which ribonucleotide(s) would not be synthesized in each of these auxotrophs? (ATP, СТР, GTP, UTP)? b. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a deficiency in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT), a key enzyme in the salvage pathway for purines. It allows the bases hypoxanthine and guanine to be reformed into IMP and GMP, respectively. i. One of the consequences of this syndrome is a decrease in GMP and the accumulation of PRPP. How does each affect purine synthesis? ii. Another consequence of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is the accumulation of excessive amounts of uric acid, like in gout. Why is this the case? How could allopurinol (shown) moderate high uric acid production? HN N

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Transcript

00:01 Hello everyone.

00:02 So today the question that is given to us is talking about this wild type equal and this wild type equalize is able to synthesize all the 20 amino acids.

00:13 And then there are certain mutants as well and these mutants are called oxotropes and oxotropes are those bacteria or are those mutants of bacteria that are able to synthesize a specific amino acid.

00:27 And here we know that the role of amino acid is not only limited to the protein synthesis but they are also involved in the synthesis of nucleotides as well so here in order to synthesize the nucleotides in order to involve in the nucleotide metabolism we need to provide such amino acids to the culture medium so that these bacteria are able to synthesize that so here we need to talk about the glycine oxotroph glutamine oxytroph as well as aspartate oxotroph like we need to talk about the glycine oxytroph like we need to answer which type of nucleotide they are not being able to synthesize.

01:05 So here in order to that we need to talk about the nucleotide as well because then only we are able to answer that.

01:12 So nucleotide, whenever we talk about the nucleotides, they are of two types.

01:17 The first is the purine and the second is the pyramid.

01:21 These are the nitrogenous basis.

01:24 Now first let's talk about the pureine and its ring and how the ring is formed and what are the precursors of that ring.

01:33 So here the ring is like in the case of purine, there are two rings.

01:37 And that is like here we have the c, then n, then again c, then again n, then here we have c and c and this bonded with n.

01:48 Then we have n here.

01:50 Then we have the c as well as n and then again, it is bonded with c.

01:55 Now here if we talk about the precursors, so this c comes from so.

02:00 Co2.

02:01 This portion here comes from glycine.

02:05 Glycine is a amino acid.

02:09 This nitrogen, that is we can say n1.

02:12 Let here if we number them properly, so this will be 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

02:21 So your n1 is coming from espartate.

02:25 The precursor is as part 8.

02:27 And this n3 and n9 is coming from glutamine.

02:33 The precursor is glutamine and then this c2 is coming from thf as well as the c8 also...

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