4. DNA polymerases typically have proofreading capability but RNA polymerases do not. a. Briefly explain what proofreading means in this context. (2 pts) b. Given that errors in either replication or transcription can lead to errors in protein structure, explain why RNA polymerases may lack proofreading function. (4 pts)
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In the context of DNA and RNA polymerases, proofreading refers to the ability of these enzymes to recognize and correct errors that occur during the replication or transcription process. Specifically, proofreading involves the removal of incorrect nucleotides that Show more…
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Describe in some detail how DNA polymerases "proofread" a DNA strand and correct errors due to mis-incorporated bases. Detail the function of a Trans Lesion (TLS) DNA polymerase and the difference between the function of this polymerase and the normal Replicative DNA polymerase used at the replication fork with regard to the DNA proofreading and replication functions.
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What are translesion polymerases? polymerases that proofread DNA prior to transcription polymerases that synthesize long stretches of DNA containing mismatches polymerases that are able to replicate past damaged DNA without stalling polymerases that repair double-strand breaks in DNA How do translesion polymerases differ from replicative polymerases? Translesion polymerases Replicative polymerases Answer Bank use 3' to 5' proofreading to reduce errors unblock the replication fork add only a few nucleotides before falling off possess large active sites to accomodate damaged bases synthesize long stretches of DNA
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