5. Click on a DNA base in the first codon and make a...

5. Click on a DNA base in the first codon and make a substitution mutation that causes a silent mutation. Remember that silent mutations change the DNA codon but result in the same protein (hint: think wobble base). Substitution mutation Insertion mutation Deletion mutation 6. Click on Show Protein to ensure the mutation really is silent. Take a screenshot of your new protein and insert it here. Indicate on the original strand of DNA below the mutation you made. Make sure to use a different color to indicate the mutation. 3’-ATGCCAGGCGGCGAGAGCTTGCTAATTGGCTTATAG-5’ Some substitution mutation result in a malfunctioning protein but others do not. Why is this?

Transcript

00:01 Okay, you want to answer this question and talk about the genetic code.

00:03 It says click on a dna base in the first code on and make a substitution of mutation that causes a silent mutation.

00:08 Remember that according to the central dogma, from a dna you're going to produce an mri and then a protein by the process of translation, the protein.

00:18 Okay, so also remember based pairing rules where alanine is going to pair with timing and cytosine with one.

00:26 Okay.

00:28 But this is in dna, in rna, in anything.

00:30 Type of rna instead of climbing your own to have your cell.

00:34 So this question says click on a dna based in the first column.

00:39 Remember that also that the start column is methyonyin, well in your protein, but in dna it is going to be atg.

00:46 This is going to be the start column, atg.

00:49 So here, as you can see here, this is the atg, this is the start column.

00:53 So the first column is going to be this one here, cca.

00:58 Okay, cca, so this is going to be the first column.

01:00 So we have to make a substitution with the first column.

01:01 That causes a high limitation.

01:04 Normally, a cta is going to code for, also remember that dna has two strands, okay? the template strand, the template strand, and also the coding strand.

01:21 The mrna that is going to be produced from dna is complementary to the template strand, but it has, but this mrnas would have the same sequence as the coding strat.

01:30 And this coding strand has the start codon.

01:33 So practically it means that this atg, as this strand gets has the atg, then it is going to be the coding strand and hence this is going to have the same sequence as the mri.

01:44 So your cca that is present in this coding strand is going to be the same sequence that is going to be present in the mrn.

01:51 So you just have to use the genetic code table that you can find on internet in order to see which amino acid this cca is going to cause for.

02:02 Okay, and if you look at the genetic code table, you're going to see that ccc is going to code for prolings, for this amino acid prolin.

02:09 Okay? so now you have to make a substitution mutation in order to cause a silent mutation.

02:15 So let's suppose you change this cca by cct.

02:21 Okay, by cct.

02:23 So your new mrna or your mutant mri is going to have the same sequence.

02:27 Well, the following sequence that is c, c, you, because remember that you have your acil instead of timing in a mra.

02:35 And this ccu, according to the genetic code table, is also going to code for scrolling.

02:41 So as you can see here, you have, you have a mutation for the world problem that you changed a by a t.

02:48 But even when you have that, the amino acid that has been coded is the same...

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