Question

Lab Activity 4 Digestive Enzymes Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the statement. Catabolism of 1 is initiated within the oral cavity by the enzyme 2, which breaks down polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, into smaller units. Enzymatic activity of this enzyme continues until it is inactivated by acidic pH of the stomach. Lingual lipase is also mixed with the bolus of food during mechanical processing within the oral cavity. This enzyme catalyses the breakdown of triglycerides into monoglycerides and 3. While lingual lipase is added in the oral cavity, it is most active under the acidic conditions characteristic of the 4. Lingual lipase activity accounts for 10-30% of total triglyceride digestion, despite the lack of fat-emulsifying 5 in the stomach. Protein digestion begins in the stomach as 6 is activated to 7 upon exposure to the acidic conditions of the gastric lumen. This enzyme hydrolyses proteins into smaller peptides and occasional single amino acids. The stomachs of infants also produce the enzymes 8 and gastric 9, which are important in the digestion of milk in children. The release of the hormone 10 by duodenal mucosa upon arrival of chyme triggers the simultaneous delivery of both pancreatic juice, which contains several digestive enzymes, and bile. Bile contains bile salts that break up larger droplets of fats into smaller droplets (micelles), a process called 11, which makes triglycerides more accessible to the activity of pancreatic 12. Pancreatic juice also contains several inactive protein-digesting enzymes called proteases. Once released into the duodenum, 13 is activated to 14 by a brush border enzyme called enteropeptidase (=enterokinase). This leads to the activation of other proteases, 15, 16 and 17. Each of these proteases attacks peptides in a different manner. Together, they break down peptides into dipeptides, tripeptides and single amino acids.

Lab Activity 4 Digestive Enzymes Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the statement.
Catabolism of 1 is initiated within the oral cavity by the enzyme 2, which breaks down polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, into smaller units. Enzymatic activity of this enzyme continues until it is inactivated by acidic pH of the stomach.
Lingual lipase is also mixed with the bolus of food during mechanical processing within the oral cavity. This enzyme catalyses the breakdown of triglycerides into monoglycerides and 3. While lingual lipase is added in the oral cavity, it is most active under the acidic conditions characteristic of the 4. Lingual lipase activity accounts for 10-30% of total triglyceride digestion, despite the lack of fat-emulsifying 5 in the stomach.
Protein digestion begins in the stomach as 6 is activated to 7 upon exposure to the acidic conditions of the gastric lumen. This enzyme hydrolyses proteins into smaller peptides and occasional single amino acids. The stomachs of infants also produce the enzymes 8 and gastric 9, which are important in the digestion of milk in children.
The release of the hormone 10 by duodenal mucosa upon arrival of chyme triggers the simultaneous delivery of both pancreatic juice, which contains several digestive enzymes, and bile. Bile contains bile salts that break up larger droplets of fats into smaller droplets (micelles), a process called 11, which makes triglycerides more accessible to the activity of pancreatic 12.
Pancreatic juice also contains several inactive protein-digesting enzymes called proteases. Once released into the duodenum, 13 is activated to 14 by a brush border enzyme called enteropeptidase (=enterokinase). This leads to the activation of other proteases, 15, 16 and 17. Each of these proteases attacks peptides in a different manner. Together, they break down peptides into dipeptides, tripeptides and single amino acids.

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