BIO182 Review Fungi 1. What are the groups of fungi. What are the characteristics that distinguish each group? 2. Know the anatomy of a fungus. For each group what kind of reproductive structures are present? 3. What is the definition of a fungus? How are fungi different than plants and animals. 4. What are lichens and what organisms make up lichens. What is the role of each of these organisms in the mutualistic relationship? Animal Development 1. Understand the developmental phases of an animal from zygote to gastrula (cleavage). 2. What is a tissue and which tissue will each embryonic germ layer become? 3. Compare and contrast diploblastic and triploblastic cleavage. 4. Compare and contrast deuterostomes and protostomes. 5. Compare and contrast radial cleavage and spiral cleavage. 6. Compare and contrast determinant and indeterminant cleavage. 7. What are the three types of symmetry, can you explain each? 8. Define the term animal. 9. Compare and contrast the two types of metamorphosis. Invertebrates 1. Define the term invertebrate. 2. For each of the groups of organisms listed below know examples of animals, unique characteristics that define each group, there developmental characteristics (cleavage, symmetry, ect..), and where they occur on the cladogram. Also know any smaller divisions we outlined in class, for example the different divisions of the Arthropods. a. Porifera b. Cnidaria c. Mollusca d. Platyhelminthes e. Annelida f. Nematoda g. Arthropoda h. Echinodermata i. Two invertebrate chordates, urochordate and cephalochordate) Chordates 1. Define the term chordate. 2. What are the four anatomical features that all chordates possess sometime in their lifecycle. What is the function of each and what will they become? 3. For each of the groups of organisms listed below know examples of animals, unique characteristics that define each group, there developmental characteristics (cleavage,
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- Chytridiomycota: Aquatic, produce flagellated spores. - Zygomycota: Form zygospores during sexual reproduction. - Ascomycota: Produce spores in sac-like asci. - Basidiomycota: Produce spores on basidia. - Glomeromycota: Form arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants. Show moreā¦
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Describe the characteristics of fungi. Include in your answer the following information: Metabolism, Cellular structure, Organism structure, Reproduction.
Sri K.
What types of organisms are in the phylum Platyhelminthes? A) Flatworms B) rotifers C) Segmented worms (earthworms) D) corals 2: A primitive animal discovered by scientists is clearly multicellular and shows no symmetry. It is a sponge. This animal is placed in the phylum A) Ctenophora B) Cnidaria C) Porifera D) Platyhelminthes 3: The primary means of locomotion for mollusks is the A) mantle B) radula C) shell D) foot 4: In addition to asymmetry, what is another characteristic of sponges that distinguishes them from all other animals (Eumetazoa)? A) They do not acquire nutrition B) They do not reproduce sexually C) Lack of true tissues D) Autotrophy 5: Cnidarians usually exhibit one of two basic body forms: ______- are cylindrical and sessile (like sea anemones), while ______ are umbrella-shaped and free-living (like jellies) A) medusae: polyps B) medusae: amoebocytes C) choanocytes: polyps D) polyps: medusae 6: Jellies (jellyfish) are members of the class A) Turbellaria B) Scyphozoa C) Hydrozoa D) Anthozoa 7: Which of the following is NOT a general feature of animals? A) Multicellularity B) Active movement C) Heterotrophy D) Cell walls 8: Over evolutionary time, we first see a ------------- within the cnidarians, allowing for some basic coordination of these mobile animals. Flatworms later developed a ------ allowing for directionality of their movements. Finally, within the mollusks we see a -------- and a ----------, allowing for larger and more complex bodies not dependent on diffusion for nutrients. A) bilaterally symmetrical body: respiratory system: circulatory system; nervous system B) circulatory system; respiratory system; nervous system; bilaterally symmetrical body C) respiratory system; circulatory system; nervous system; bilaterally symmetrical body D) nervous system; bilaterally symmetrical body; circulatory system; respiratory system 9: Which of the following mollusks are correctly paired with their taxonomic class? A) Clams and oysters = Bivalvia B) Snails, slugs, and nudibranchs = Gastropoda C) Chitons = Polyplacophora D) Squids, nautiluses, and octopuses = Cephalopoda 10: What types of organisms are in the phylum Annelida? A) segmented worms (EARTHWORMS) B) Flatworms C) corals D) rotifers
Shaiju T.
1. Name the five grades of organismal complexity and explain how each successive grade is more complex than the one preceding it. 2. Body fluids of eumetazoan animals are separated into fluid "compartments." Name these compartments and explain how compartmentalization may differ in animals with open and closed circulatory systems. 3. What are the four major types of tissues in animals? 4. How would you distinguish simple and stratified epithelium? What characteristic of stratified epithelium might explain why it, rather than simple epithelium, lines the oral cavity, esophagus, and vagina? 5. What three elements occur in all connective tissue? Give some examples of different types of connective tissues. 6. What are the three muscle types found among animals? Explain how each is specialized for particular functions. 7. Describe the principal structure and functional features of a neuron. 8. Match the animal group with its body plan: ______ Unicellular a. Nematode ______ Cell aggregate b. Vertebrate ______ Blind sac, acoelomate c. Unicellular eukaryote ______ Tube-within-a-tube pseudocoelomate d. Flatworm ______ Tube-within-a-tube eucoelomate e. Sponge f. Arthropod g. Nemertean 9. Distinguish (define) spherical, radial, biradial, and bilateral symmetry as it pertains to animals. 10. What is meant by segmentation? Name three phyla showing segmentation.
Danielle A.
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