Light Reactions Carbon dioxide is converted to glucose. ATP and NADPH are inputs. ATP and NADPH are generated. Chlorophyll molecules absorb energy from sunlight. The rubisco enzyme is used in carbon fixation. Calvin Cycle This metabolic pathway contains photosystems I and II. The ATP synthase enzyme is utilized. Water is split into oxygen gas, electrons, and hydrogen ions. An electron transport chain is utilized.
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The Calvin Cycle is a metabolic pathway that converts carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH as inputs. Show more…
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Light reaction Calvin cycle Light reactions and Calvin cycle Uses hydrogen ions (H+) diffusing down their concentration gradient to produce ATP Uses photons Uses ATP Occurs in the chloroplast Produces glucose (C6H12O6) Uses water (H2O) Produces oxygen (O2) Pumps hydrogen ions (H+) against their concentration gradient Uses carbon dioxide (CO2) Produces ATP Excites electrons
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During the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis carbon dioxide is converted into glucose water is converted into oxygen ATP and NADPH are made from ADP; Pi and NADP+ glucose is broken down into pyruvate and carbon dioxide chemical energy is converted into green light in the chloroplasts
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In the light reactions, electrons boosted from photosystem II pass along the electron transport chain and are used to create a proton gradient, which is needed to produce NADPH by chemiosmotic phosphorylation. ADP Starch Electrons boosted from photosystem II are used to reduce NADP+, which carries the electrons to the Calvin cycle. Carbon dioxide Glucose In the first step of the Calvin cycle, the enzyme rubisco, which is present in all plants, adds CO2 to a five-carbon sugar. Lactase Rubisco Then, using the energy and electrons from the light reactions, the three-carbon molecule formed from PGA. Oxygen Proton Two phosphoglyceraldehyde molecules are combined to form one molecule of PGAL, which plants use to synthesize polysaccharides such as starch. NADP PGAL ATP
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