Consider the following equilibrium system: \[ \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}(\mathrm{~g}) \leftrightarrows 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \] At a particular time, the rate of \( \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}(\mathrm{~g}) \) being formed is \( 1.0 \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{s} \), while the rate of \( \mathrm{NO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \) being formed is \( 4.0 \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{s} \). Is this system at dynamic equilibrium? Yes, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. No, the rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the reverse reaction. No, the rate of the forward reaction is less than the rate of the reverse reaction. The information provided is not sufficient to determine equilibrium position.
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Both the forward reaction and the reverse reaction in the following equilibrium are believed to be elementary steps: $$ \mathrm{CO}(g)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{COCl}(g)+\mathrm{Cl}(g) $$ At $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ the rate constants for the forward and reverse reactionsare $1.4 \times 10^{-28} \mathrm{M}^{-1} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$ and $9.3 \times 10^{10} \mathrm{M}^{-1} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, respectively. (a) What is the value for the equilibrium constant at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?$ (b) Are reactants or products more plentiful at equilibrium?
Consider the following mechanism for the enzymecatalyzed reaction: (fast equilibrium) $$ \mathrm{ES} \stackrel{k_{2}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{E}+\mathrm{P} \quad \text { (slow) } $$ Derive an expression for the rate law of the reaction in terms of the concentrations of $\mathrm{E}$ and $\mathrm{S}$. (Hint: To solve for [ES], make use of the fact that, at equilibrium, the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.)
The reaction $$ 2 \mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g) $$ exhibits the rate law $$ \text { Rate }=k[\mathrm{NO}]^{2}\left[\mathrm{O}_{2}\right] $$ Which of the following mechanisms is consistent with this rate law? a. $\mathrm{NO}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}+\mathrm{O} \quad$ Slow $\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{NO} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}$ Fast b. $\mathrm{NO}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{NO}_{3}$ Fast equilibrium $\mathrm{NO}_{3}+\mathrm{NO} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}$ Slow $x=x^{2}+x$ Slow $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}$ Fast $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}$ Fast d. $2 \mathrm{NO} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}$ Fast equilibrium $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}+\mathrm{O}$ Slow $\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{NO} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}$ Fast
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