CT scans will most likely lead to cancer. Question 18 options: TrueFalse
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Step 1: Restate the claim to be evaluated: "CT scans will most likely lead to cancer" — interpret "most likely" as meaning a greater-than-50% chance that a person who has a CT scan will develop cancer because of it. Show more…
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Answer true or false. (a) Of the radioisotopes listed in Table $9-5,$ the majority decay by beta emission. (b) Isotopes that decay by alpha emission are rarely if ever used in nuclear imaging because alpha emitters are rare. (c) Gamma emitters are so widely used in medical imaging because gamma radiation is penetrating and, therefore, can easily be measured by radiation detectors outside the body. (d) When selenium-75 ( $_{34}^{\text {75 }}$ Se ) decays by electron capture and gamma emission, the new nucleus formed is arsenic- $75\left(\begin{array}{c}75 \\ 34\end{array}\right)$ (e) When iodine-131 $\left(\frac{131}{53} \mathrm{I}\right)$ decays by beta and gamma emission, the new nucleus formed is xenon-131 $\left(\begin{array}{c}131 \\ 54\end{array}\right)$ (f) In positron emission tomography (a PET scan), the detector counts the number of positrons emitted by a tagged material and the location within the body where the tagged material accumulates. (g) The use of 18 -fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in PET scans of the brain depends on the fact that FDG behaves in the body as does glucose. (h) A goal of radiation therapy is to destroy pathological cells and tissues without at the same time damaging normal cells and tissues. (i) In external beam radiation, radiation from an external source is directed at a tissue either on the surface of the body or within the body. (j) In internal beam radiation, a radioactive material is implanted in a target tissue to destroy cells in the target tissue without doing appreciable damage to surrounding normal tissues.
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