Deamination of cytosine converts cytosine to uracil. Deamination of methylated cytosine converts methylated cytosine to thymine. Which of these covalent modification poses a greater challenge for DNA repair enzymes? Why? How does this impact the mutation frequency of CpG islands?
Added by James M.
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Step 1: Deamination of cytosine converts cytosine to uracil, which is easily recognized as a mutation by DNA repair enzymes. Show more…
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Which is an example of a transversion mutation? Cytosine is replaced by thymine. Guanine is replaced by adenine. Thymine binds to a neighboring thymine base. Adenine is replaced by thymine. Thymine is replaced by uracil.
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The base analog 5 -bromouracil ( $5 \mathrm{BU}$ ), 5-Bromouracil (5BU) residue which sterically resembles thymine, more readily undergoes tautomerization from its keto form to its enol form than does thymine. $5 \mathrm{BU}$ can be incorporated into newly synthesized DNA when it pairs with adenine on the template strand. However, the enol form of $5 \mathrm{BU}$ pairs with guanine rather than adenine. (a) Draw the $5 \mathrm{BU} \cdot \mathrm{G}$ base pair. (b) What type of mutation results?
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