d. Energy conversions are inefficient e. A and c only 9. Which of these pools of carbon has the slowest turnover rate? a. woody plant tissues b. calcium carbonate c. animal tissues d. carbon dioxide in the atmosphere e. detritus 10. What role do microorganisms play in the nitrogen cycle? a. nitrogen fixation b. nitrification c. denitrification d. all the above e. only a and b above 11. Where do plants get the phosphorous they need? a. from phosphorous-fixing bacteria b. from atmospheric phosphorous c. from detritus d. from soil water e. all of the above 12. The ecological unit composed of organisms and their physical environment is (A) community (B) population (C) ecosystem (D) niche 13. The movement of energy through an ecosystem is ________, and the movement of matter through an ecosystem is ________. (A) cyclic; cyclic (B) cyclic; linear (C) linear; linear (D) unidirectional; cyclic 14. The useful energy flowing through a food chain is available in greatest quantity to the (A) producers (B) primary consumers (C) secondary consumers (D) herbivores 15. Which of the following statements best explains why there are so few top-level predators? (A) Because they have a short lifespan due to limited nutritional sources. (B) Because they are efficient at gaining energy from lower trophic levels and do not need to over reproduce. (C) Because extensive phyla were eradicated from a mass extinction following the Cambrian period (D) Only a small fraction of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. 16. Which of the following types of organisms occupies a trophic level with the least biomass? (A) plants (B) primary consumers (C) secondary consumers (D) tertiary consumers
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Energy conversions are inefficient and only ___________. Answer: Energy conversions are inefficient and only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. Show more…
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Adi S.
17. Which of the following is the main abiotic source of carbon in the environment for the carbon cycle? (A) carbon dioxide in the air (B) carbon monoxide in the air (C) carbonates in the air (D) carbon monoxide dissolved in water 18. Which of the following statements concerning the energy in food chains is incorrect? (A) Energy transfer along the food chain is extremely efficient, and as much as 75% of the energy fixed by primary consumers. (B) Primary producers such as plants are the only ultimate source of energy available to other organisms in a food chain. (C) Secondary consumers have less energy available to them than herbivores. (D) Organisms that feed strictly on plants have more energy available than carnivores do. 19. Which of the following ecosystems has the greatest amount of productivity? A) tundra B) tropical forests C) open ocean D) grasslands E) b and c are correct 20. Secondary consumers are generally ______. A) algae B) carnivores C) herbivores D) decomposers
Snida M.
1) A species that is so important to its community (such as the sea otter) that their removal can dismantle a food web is termed a _____ species A. capstone B. flagstone C. cobblestone D. cornerstone E. keystone 2) Abiotic components of an ecosystem include A. only animal life B. only plant life C. living components only D. nonliving components only E. both living and nonliving components 3) Species living on another is A. resource partitioning B. coevolution C. symbiosis D. predation E. niche sharing 4) Symbiosis where only one organism benefits is called A. predation B. mutualism C. intraspecific competition D. parasitism 5) An organism that can use produce all the organic material it requires is A. an autotroph B. a heterotroph C. a producer D. both autotroph and producer E. both heterotroph and producer 6) Organisms that obtain their energy from producers or other consumers are A. autotroph B. heterotroph C. producer D. autotroph and producer E. heterotroph and producer 7) Which of the following is not a biogeochemical cycle? A. ATP cycle B. water cycle C. carbon cycle D. phosphorus cycle E. nitrogen cycle 8) Carbon returns to the atmosphere A. as carbon dioxide B. from respiration of plants C. by the burning of fossil fuels D. from respiration of animals E. All of the answer choices are correct 9) Why are top-level predators (lions, eagles, humans) so rare in a community? A. Only a small amount of the energy is passed from one trophic level to the next B. They do not breed as fast as other animals C. Because of predation by higher predators D. It is difficult for them to learn how to capture prey E. Their job is to keep the population size of other animals in check
Christina S.
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