For Questions 1–5, state whether the mutation described is the result of: i. Base modifier ii. Base analogue iii. Intercalating agent iv. Ionizing radiation v. UV radiation vi. Tautomeric shift 1. Thymine-thymine dimer that leads to a base-substitution after DNA replication. 2. Base substitution (T?C) made by the polymerase mispairing the T (transiently in the rare enol form) with a G. 3. Translocation and a subsequent position effect that resulted from chromosome breaks. 4. Frameshift mutation due to the addition/insertion of one extra nucleotide. 5. Base substitution (C?T) resulting from an ingested chemical that deaminated a cytosine, changing it into uracil.
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Step 1: Thymine-thymine dimer that leads base-substitution after DNA replication is a result of UV radiation. Show more…
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A given strand of DNA undergoes a mutation because of an error in replication. The given DNA strand (before mutation) has the following sequence: 3' –C-T-T-A-C-A-T-G-C-G-A-T-G-T-C-C-G-G-G-T-A-C-T-G-5' Upon mutation, the G nucleotide that is eight bases from the 3' end is deleted, resulting in the following sequence: 3' –C-T-T-A-C-A-T-G-C-G-A-T-G-T-C-C-G-G-T-A-C-T-G-5' Write out mRNA formed in transcription and the corresponding sequence of amino acids for both the normal and mutated sequence, highlighting the specific change that comes about from this mutation.
Sri K.
Question 3 A DNA mutation changes a cytosine nucleotide (C) on one strand of a DNA molecule to a thymine nucleotide (T). After a couple of rounds of replication, the change in a DNA molecule that was synthesized from the DNA strand with the mutation would be: CG to G on the new DNA molecule; CCG to T on the new DNA molecule; CG to T on the new DNA molecule. Question 4 Two diploid species have hybridized and produced an offspring with four copies of the entire genome. This is an example of: polyploidy; aneuploidy; allopolyploidy; autopolyploidy.
Madhur L.
For numbers 1-5, choose from the following terms: Insertion, Inversion, Deletion, Substitution, Point Mutation, Translocation. Name the three types of point (gene) mutations: Name the four types of chromosome mutations: What mutations would be considered frameshift mutations? Which mutation involves two chromosomes? Can a point mutation be a frameshift mutation? Match the following terms to the descriptions below: A. Deletion B. Frameshift mutation C. Insertion D. Inversion E. Mutagen F. Point mutation (gene mutation) G. Substitution H. Translocation A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides. Involves the loss of all or part of a chromosome or one base. Produces extra copies of parts of a chromosome or a base. Reverses the direction of parts of chromosomes. Occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another. Affects the DNA sequence of an entire chromosome. A substance that can change the chemical nature of DNA. One base is exchanged for another.
Shyam P.
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