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Human Anatomy and Physiology Bio 151 Fall 2019: Due Tuesday September 23, 2019 Homework Assignment #1: Please complete the following case histories. Cardiovascular Case History #1 A 50-year-old airline pilot complained of severe, intense, precordial, crushing sensation with pain radiating to the left shoulder and down the inside of the left arm, triggered by an off-duty tennis match. The chest discomfort brought on by the exertion was relieved by rest. Emergency room examination resulted in the following information: Heart rate 98 b/min Blood Pressure 160/110 mm Hg ECG: ventricular extrasystole arrhythmia (premature ventricular contraction [PVC]) as well as S-T segment depression and decreased R wave height. The following day an exercise tolerance test was performed to test the functional response to graded stress. This symptom-limited test gave an ischemic ECG response during exercise, characterized by a downward-sloping S-T segment. Mild exertion resulted in chest pain, which was relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin. Coronary angiography showed lumenal obstruction >70% (88%) in three major coronary vessels, including the left anterior interventricular (descending) coronary artery. Nitroglycerin, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers were tried as pharmacologic therapy. Angioplasty, the procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into the partially obstructed vessels, was able to increase coronary flow to near normal values. 1a. What is the term for the chest pain experienced by this individual? 1b. What is the cause of this pain? 2. Compare a representative ECG tracing for this individual from lead II to a normal ECG tracing. Describe the differences in terms that someone familiar with ECG tracings could understand. 3. What is the site of action for each of the pharmacologic drug therapies? a. Nitroglycerin:. b. Beta-blockers:. c. Calcium channel blockers:. 4. Describe the gross anatomy of normal coronary arteries. 5. Describe angioplasty. State the pros and cons of its use.

Human Anatomy and Physiology
Bio 151 Fall 2019: Due Tuesday September 23, 2019
Homework Assignment #1: Please complete the following case histories.
Cardiovascular Case History #1
A 50-year-old airline pilot complained of severe, intense, precordial, crushing sensation with
pain radiating to the left shoulder and down the inside of the left arm, triggered by an off-duty
tennis match. The chest discomfort brought on by the exertion was relieved by rest. Emergency
room examination resulted in the following information:
Heart rate 98 b/min
Blood Pressure 160/110 mm Hg
ECG:
ventricular extrasystole arrhythmia (premature ventricular contraction
[PVC]) as well as S-T segment depression and decreased R wave height.
The following day an exercise tolerance test was performed to test the functional response to
graded stress. This symptom-limited test gave an ischemic ECG response during exercise,
characterized by a downward-sloping S-T segment. Mild exertion resulted in chest pain, which
was relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin. Coronary angiography showed lumenal obstruction
>70% (88%) in three major coronary vessels, including the left anterior interventricular
(descending) coronary artery. Nitroglycerin, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers were
tried as pharmacologic therapy. Angioplasty, the procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter
is inserted into the partially obstructed vessels, was able to increase coronary flow to near
normal values.
1a. What is the term for the chest pain experienced by this individual?
1b. What is the cause of this pain?
2. Compare a representative ECG tracing for this individual from lead II to a normal ECG tracing.
Describe the differences in terms that someone familiar with ECG tracings could understand.
3. What is the site of action for each of the pharmacologic drug therapies?
a. Nitroglycerin:.
b. Beta-blockers:.
c. Calcium channel blockers:.
4. Describe the gross anatomy of normal coronary arteries.
5. Describe angioplasty. State the pros and cons of its use.

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