In a study examining the relationship between oral contraceptives and bacteriuria, you enroll and follow healthy women who do and do not use oral contraceptives (OC) and follow them over a three-year period and find that 70 of the 500 individuals who use OC acquired bacteriuria, while 150 of 3000 individuals who don’t use OC acquired bacteriuria. a. What kind of observational study design is this? b. What is the incidence among the exposed? c. What is the incidence among the unexposed? d. What is the relative risk? Show your work. e. Interpret the relative risk naming the exposure and outcome (e.g. describe the association between exposure and outcome).
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In this study, healthy women are grouped based on whether they use oral contraceptives and are then followed over a period of three years to see if they acquire bacteriuria. Since the subjects are selected based on exposure (use of oral contraceptives) and Show more…
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Suppose that a study of oral contraceptive (OC) use and development of bacteriuria was conducted among 2,390 women, all of whom were initially free from bacteriuria. At the start of the study, the women were surveyed to determine whether or not they currently used OCs. 482 were using OCs and 1908 were not. By the end of the follow-up period, a total of 27 of the OC users and 77 of the non-users had developed bacteriuria. A. Set up the two-by-two table for these data. B. Calculate the risk ratio describing the strength of the relationship between OC use and bacteriuria. C. Based on your answer above, do you think that OC users are at higher risk of developing bacteriuria than non-users?
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