Question

A 2-year-old toddler, Paul, was brought to the emergency room at the local children’s hospital. His mother indicated he had diarrhea and was vomiting and seemed to be breathing fast. It was determined that the toddler was dehydrated. Blood test results: - plasma HCO?? = 20 mmol/L (normal = 24 mmol/L) - arterial PCO? = 40 mm Hg (normal = 40 mm Hg) 5. Blood test results indicated that Paul had an acid-base disturbance. Is he in acidosis or alkalosis? Would his plasma pH be normal, high or low? Respiratory or metabolic? How does Paul’s fast breathing contribute to the results? Justify your answer. 6. Paul received oral rehydration therapy that successfully treated his dehydration and corrected his acid-base condition. If Paul had not been treated so rapidly, his kidneys would have tried to compensate for his condition. What would be the appropriate renal responses to counteract Paul’s condition? Make sure to discuss: • The actions of type A or type B intercalated cells • Reabsorption and secretion of H? and HCO?? • The effects on Paul’s plasma [H?] and pH

          A 2-year-old toddler, Paul, was brought to the emergency room at the local children’s hospital. His mother indicated he had diarrhea and was vomiting and seemed to be breathing fast. It was determined that the toddler was dehydrated. Blood test results:
- plasma HCO?? = 20 mmol/L (normal = 24 mmol/L)
- arterial PCO? = 40 mm Hg (normal = 40 mm Hg)

5. Blood test results indicated that Paul had an acid-base disturbance. Is he in acidosis or alkalosis? Would his plasma pH be normal, high or low? Respiratory or metabolic? How does Paul’s fast breathing contribute to the results? Justify your answer.

6. Paul received oral rehydration therapy that successfully treated his dehydration and corrected his acid-base condition. If Paul had not been treated so rapidly, his kidneys would have tried to compensate for his condition. What would be the appropriate renal responses to counteract Paul’s condition?
Make sure to discuss:
• The actions of type A or type B intercalated cells
• Reabsorption and secretion of H? and HCO??
• The effects on Paul’s plasma [H?] and pH

A 2-year-old toddler, Paul, was brought to the emergency room at the local children’s hospital. His mother indicated he had diarrhea and was vomiting and seemed to be breathing fast. It was determined that the toddler was dehydrated. Blood test results:
- plasma HCO?? = 20 mmol/L (normal = 24 mmol/L)
- arterial PCO? = 40 mm Hg (normal = 40 mm Hg)

5. Blood test results indicated that Paul had an acid-base disturbance. Is he in acidosis or alkalosis? Would his plasma pH be normal, high or low? Respiratory or metabolic? How does Paul’s fast breathing contribute to the results? Justify your answer.

6. Paul received oral rehydration therapy that successfully treated his dehydration and corrected his acid-base condition. If Paul had not been treated so rapidly, his kidneys would have tried to compensate for his condition. What would be the appropriate renal responses to counteract Paul’s condition?
Make sure to discuss:
• The actions of type A or type B intercalated cells
• Reabsorption and secretion of H? and HCO??
• The effects on Paul’s plasma [H?] and pH

Added by Paul R.

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