On the basis of the elements location in the periodic table...

On the basis of the element’s location in the periodic table, indicate what simple ion each of the following elements is most likely to form. $\begin{array}{llll}{\text { a. } P} & {\text { C. At }} & {\text { e. } C s} \\ {\text { b. Ra }} & {\text { d. } R n} & {\text { f. Se }}\end{array}$

Transcript

00:02 Hi there.

00:03 We are to predict the most likely ion for each of these, and we're going to do that based upon the octet rule.

00:12 The octet rule says that each element would like to have eight electrons in its outermost shell.

00:25 To achieve this, metals will form ions by losing electrons, while non -metals will gain electrons.

00:39 And when they do this, metals will become positive ions or cations, and non -metals will form negative ions or anions.

01:05 So let's look at each of our options here.

01:07 Letter a, we have phosphorus.

01:09 Phosphorus is in group 5 on the periodic table.

01:13 So it has five valence electrons.

01:15 It's a non -metal, so it's going to gain electrons to satisfy that octet rule.

01:20 Since it has five valence electrons of its own, it would like to gain three more electrons to fulfill the octet.

01:29 So the phosphors would have a three negative charge.

01:33 For letter b, we have radium, and that is in group 2a.

01:42 It's a metal, and it has two valence electrons.

01:46 So being a metal, it's going to lose those two valence electrons.

01:50 When it does that, that will give it the electron configuration.

01:53 Of the noble gas radon.

01:56 So it will lose two electrons and end up with a two positive charge.

02:05 Letter c is acetine, at, and at is found in group 7a.

02:15 It's a halogen...

Question

On the basis of the element’s location in the periodic table, indicate what simple ion each of the following elements is most likely to form. $\begin{array}{llll}{\text { a. } P} & {\text { C. At }} & {\text { e. } C s} \\ {\text { b. Ra }} & {\text { d. } R n} & {\text { f. Se }}\end{array}$

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