One strategy to alleviate depression and anxiety is by decreasing the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that degrades all neurotransmitters synthesized from amino acids. What is a dangerous side effect of this inhibition? a) Norepinephrine cannot be synthesized from Tyrosine b) Inhibiting MAO also inhibits acetylcholinesterase c) Levels of serotonin are decreased in the synaptic cleft d) Toxic levels of Tyramine can accumulate Which of these antidepressants directly affect the activity of monoamine oxidase? a) MAO inhibitor b) They all do c) Selective Reuptake Inhibitors d) Tricyclics Acetylcholine is a small molecule made from the combination of Acetyl CoA and Choline. A researcher creates a computer simulation of the Neuromuscular junction and adds a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. How will this affect nicotinic receptor activation? a) Decreased receptor activation b) No change in receptor activation c) No receptor activation d) Increased receptor activation Acetylcholine is a small molecule made from the combination of Acetyl CoA and Choline. A researcher creates a computer simulation of the Neuromuscular junction and adds a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. How will this affect nicotinic receptor activation? a) Decreased receptor activation b) No change in receptor activation c) No receptor activation d) Increased receptor activation
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The first question asks about the dangerous side-effect of inhibiting monoamine oxidase. The correct answer is d) Toxic levels of Tyramine can accumulate. This is because monoamine oxidase also breaks down tyramine, a compound found in certain foods. Inhibiting Show more…
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Clinical depression is the most common mental illness in the United States, affecting 19 million adults each year (Source: NIMH, 1999). Nearly 50% of individuals who experience a major episode will have a recurrence within 2-3 years. Researchers are interested in comparing therapeutic solutions that could delay or reduce the incidence of recurrence. In a study conducted by the National Institutes of Health, 109 clinically depressed patients were separated into three groups, and each group was given one of two active drugs (imipramine or lithium) or no drug at all. For each patient, the dataset contains the treatment used, the outcome of the treatment, and several other interesting characteristics. Below is a summary of the variables in our dataset. Use this to answer the questions below. - Hospt: The patient's hospital, represented by a code for each of the 5 hospitals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 - Treat: The treatment received by the patient (Lithium, Imipramine, or Placebo) - Outcome: Whether or not a recurrence occurred during the patient's treatment (Recurrence or No Recurrence) - Time: Either the time in days till the first recurrence, or if a recurrence did not occur, the length in days of the patient's participation in the study. - AcuteT: The time in days that the patient was depressed prior to the study. - Age: The age of the patient in years, when the patient entered the study. - Gender: The patient's gender (1 = Female, 2 = Male) Examine each of the variables in the dataset as well as their descriptions above. Which of the following variables are quantitative? Check all that apply.
A clinical psychologist is interested in comparing the effectiveness of short term relaxation and cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating mild depression. An experiment is conducted in which 15 patients with mild depression are randomly selected and assigned 5 each to a relaxation therapy group, a cognitive/behavioral therapy group, and an attention placebo group. Therapy is administered until the patient is judged no longer depressed or until 10 treatment sessions have elapsed. The following data is obtained. Scores are the number of sessions for each patient. Assume an alpha of .05. Cognitive/Behavioral Therapy Relaxation Therapy Attention-Placebo Group 5 6 4 4 7 6 8 6 9 8 5 8 9 7 6 A) Calculate SSBetween B) Calculate SSWithin C) Calculate MSBetween D) Calculate MSwithin E) Calculate FCrit F) Calculate FObt G) Based on your results, what do you conclude?
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