The figure above shows a circuit containing an electromotive force (a battery), a capacitor with a capacitance of C farads (F), and a resistor with a resistance of R ohms (Ω). The voltage drop across the capacitor is Q/C, where Q is the charge (in coulombs), so in this case Kirchhoff's Law gives
RI + Q/C = E(t).
Since the current is I = dQ/dt, we have
R dQ/dt + 1/C Q = E(t).
Suppose the resistance is 30 Ω, the capacitance is 0.1F, a battery gives a constant voltage of E(t) = 50V, and the initial charge is Q(0) = 0C.
Find the charge and the current at time t.
Q(t) = (50/90)-((50/90)e^(-3t))
I(t) = 5/(3e^(3t))