QUESTION 18 Meningitis is an inflammation of the pia mater,...

QUESTION 18 Meningitis is an inflammation of the pia mater, arachnoid, and subarachnoid spaces caused by A. cerebral edema B. tumor C. autoimmune disease D. bacteria and viruses QUESTION 19 is a degenerative disorder of the substantia nigra and basal ganglia involving decreased secretion of dopamine. Classic symptoms include tremor and shuffling gait. A. multiple sclerosis B. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease) C. Guillain-Barre D. Parkinson disease

Transcript

0:00 Hello everyone.

00:01 So here we are given a series of questions out of which the first question is why destruction of myelin sheath affected the motor control.

00:11 So we can say that myelin sheath is something which surround the nerve fibers.

00:20 So we know that myelin sheath are seen surrounding the nerve fibers.

00:24 So if this nerve, myelin sheath are damaged or destroyed, the transmission of nerve impalves.

00:31 Is slowed or blocked.

00:34 Usually we know that impulses are flowed through the myelin sheath from node to node.

00:40 But here when myelin sheath is damaged or destroyed the impulse flows continuously through the nerve fiber, a process which is slower than jumping from node to node instead of jumping from node to nod.

00:56 So this is a slower process than for first one that is with having a myelin.

01:01 Now the second question here asked is what are the main glial sorry to name the glia of to name the neuroglia that make up cns and pns.

01:33 So the main glial cells of central nervous system or cns are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia.

01:42 For us in the case of pns, that is peripheral nervous system the main glial cells are swan cells satellite glial cells and enteric glia the next question here asked is kelsey falls down a flight of stairs and she suffered from this spinal cord damage spinal code damage spinal code damage also she had the injury results in edema of the central code that results compression of the anterior horn cells of lumbar region.

02:23 So here we are asked what symptoms would she expect to observe as a result of this injury.

02:31 So we can say that.

02:33 So as a result of this damage, the anterior horn cells of lumbar region is affected.

02:39 This anterior horn cells of lumbar region controls the activity of skeletal muscle that is the movement of hip, leg and foot.

02:47 So as a result of this kelsey have walking or standing problem since these functions are controlled by the muscles of lower limb.

02:55 Next question here asked is jenny had a stroke and she now has a problem with the understanding words and concept.

03:11 Problem with the understanding words and concepts.

03:22 But her speech and hearing are fine...

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