Regarding these sequence homology data, the principle of maximum parsimony would be applicable in inferring evolutionary relatedness from the number of sequence differences ? distinguishing introns from exons ? determining degree of sequence homology ? selecting appropriate genes for comparison among species Submit Request Answer
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This principle states that the most likely explanation or hypothesis is the one that requires the fewest evolutionary changes or events to have occurred. In the context of sequence homology data, this means that the simplest explanation for the observed Show more…
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Homology can be defined as the presence of common structures because of shared ancestry. Homology can involve genes, proteins, or anatomical structures. As a result of "descent with modification," many homologous structures have adapted different purposes. (a) List three anatomical structures in vertebrates that are homologous but have different functions. (b) Is it likely that homologous proteins from different species have the same or similar functions? Explain. (c) Under what circumstances might one expect proteins of similar function to not share homology? Would you expect such proteins to be homologous at the level of DNA sequences?
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Scientists use the concept of homology in identifying evolutionary relationships among organisms. Features shared by two groups of organisms are said to be homologous if the similarities reflect shared ancestry. Homology is found in comparisons of structural, molecular, biochemical, developmental, physiological, and behavioral characteristics of organisms. For each hypothesis below, give an in-depth explanation of 2 examples of homology that support it. 1. Chloroplasts are related to photosynthetic prokaryotes. 2. Spiders and insects are closely related. 3. Echinoderms are closely related to the chordates. 4. Reptiles and birds are closely related. 5. Humans and chimpanzees are closely related primates.
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