00:01
So we know that a dna is transferred deoxyribinutric acid.
00:04
Let us understand a little more about the structure of deoxyribunucic acid as it is the component that is responsible for transfer genetic composition from parent -cell to offspring.
00:14
Here we have a structure of dna.
00:16
So dna is made out of monomer units which is termed as nucleotide.
00:20
So nucleotide is a monomer unit that is present in the composition of dna.
00:25
Nuclide is made out of three main components.
00:28
Ribose sugar represented as r.
00:31
Nitrogen is base represented as nv and phosphate group represented as ng.
00:37
So nitrogenous base and the phosphate group including the ribosugar are the three components that is present in the nucleotide component or nucleotide molecule.
00:46
What we can see here is nothing but nitrogenous base.
00:50
Note that nitrogenous base is denoted as nb and phosphate group is denoted as pb.
00:55
So let us find out what is the composition or what are the nitrogenous basis that that are present in the dna molecules.
01:03
So there are total of four nitrogenous bases that are present in the dna molecules.
01:08
They are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
01:12
So these are the four nitrogenous bases that can be seen within the dna molecules.
01:18
Now nucleotides are attached to one another in order to form the composition of dna.
01:24
So this is the nucleotide attachment to one another in order to find the form the composition of dna.
01:29
So how is the nucleotide sequence attached to each other? so phosphate group of the first nucleotide is attached to the sugar group of the second nucleotide.
01:39
Let us denote sugar as spure.
01:42
So the pentose sugar of the second molecule is attached to the phosphate group of the first molecule in order to form the connection of the linkage between the nucleotide molecule.
01:53
So in this structure, what is represented here, we can see that 5 -dash and 3 -dash, are the two strands with the dna.
02:02
So each dna molecule has two strands that run an antiparralial direction, and they both have two ends.
02:11
One is a 5 -dash end, and second is a 3 -dash -end.
02:14
So this denotes a number of carbon atoms that are present in the dna molecule, of which the phosphate bonds attaches to.
02:23
Now, 3 -dash and 5 -dash -down an antiparital direction, but they both have a certain nitrogenous base present at the end of it.
02:31
Now 5 -dash is also termed as 5 -cap.
02:33
It has a presence of gawain at the end of it, whereas 3 -d5 -hame is also called us poly a -cap and has the presence of a denine nitrous base present at the end of it.
02:46
There are total of two nucleic acid strands that are present that is what we can see in the image.
02:55
So this is one strand that is running.
02:56
In this direction, whereas this is the other strand that is running in this direction, which have a supercoiling that takes place between them and they run in anti -parallel direction.
03:08
So we can see that when the composition or the sequence of one strand is a, t and g, the complementary sequence present on the other strand will be t, a and c...