Sydney Brenner isolated Salmonella typhimurium mutants that were implicated in the biosynthesis of tryptophan and would not grow on minimal medium. When these mutants were tested on minimal medium where one of four compounds (indole glycerol phosphate, indole, anthranilic acid, and tryptophan) had been added, the growth responses shown in the following table were obtained.
Give the order of indole glycerol phosphate, indole, anthranilic acid, and tryptophan in the biochemical pathway leading to the synthesis of tryptophan. Indicate which step in the pathway is affected by each of the mutations.