Take Quiz -c pleiotropy \( { }^{-1} \) Pesticide resistance d) Overfishing Question 2 1 pts Which of the following is necessary for evolution to occur? a) Mutation b) Variation c) Selection d) Adaptation Question 3 1 pts Which of the following is associated with chance events in natural populations? a) Character displacement b) Fitness c) Demographic stochasticity d) Intralocus sexual confict Question 4 1 pts Evolution by natural selection is: a) Always slow and gradual b) Always extremely rapid C) Fast or slow dependime on currenteselective mrescures
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19. The following statements express requirements for a characteristic to be subject to natural selection except a. Character must be heritable b. Character must affect reproductive success c. Organisms must produce much more children than the existing resources in the environment can support d. All individuals in the population must have the same genotype 20. Which of the following statements is an example of gene flow? a. Pollen is blown away by the wind and falls into the open sea b. A young stallion who is excluded from his herd and starts a new herd with another population of females c. A bear eating collects spores from a plant that fall on the neighboring plant d. A subordinate wolf displaces the alpha wolf from the pack and mates with the females 21. As a result of the glaciations, land bridges were formed that facilitated the migration of animals a. Among them of the human through the Bering Strait b. Between Australia and Europe that allowed migration and exchange of species c. British Isles were united to the American continent d. All alternatives are correct 22. Elephant seals were common in the early 1800s, but were hunted to near extinction. Today its abundance has increased again, but the species has little genetic variation. We can say that the species has suffered a. Founder effect b. Mutational pressure c. Natural selection d. Bottleneck 23. Darwin suggested that the variations in beak shape in the Galapagos finches were due to a. Evolutionary adaptations to eat different foods b. Differences that existed in the colonizing species c. Parallel evolution d. Random events 24. Which of the following best explains the statements? Peacocks with bright colors mate more frequently than peacocks with grayish colors a. Stabilizing selection b. Directional selection c. Sexual selection d. Disruptive selection
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Which statement about natural selection is true? a. It is the same as evolution. b. It always results in reduced genetic variation. c. It can have an evolutionary effect only if phenotypic differences are heritable. d. It acts directly on genotypes. e. Changes in allele frequencies can occur only because of natural selection. 12. Why did industrial melanism in the peppered moth, Biston betularia, help convince researchers that the intensity of natural selection can be very strong? a. The dark-colored morph drove the light-colored morph to extinction. b. Birds were unable to prey on the moths once they acquired their color adaptations. c. The moth population exploded, covering England with moths during the Industrial Revolution. d. The dark-colored allele increased in frequency very rapidly in multiple populations and later decreased rapidly after the environment changed. e. Natural selection maintained constant proportions of the color alleles in the population, despite rapid environmental change brought about by the Industrial Revolution. 13. Which conditions are required for natural selection to occur? 1. Traits are heritable; offspring resemble parents 2. Traits are coded for by dominant genes 3. Traits are correlated with fitness 4. Populations reproduce sexually a. 1, 2 and 3 b. 3 and 4 c. 2, 3 and 4 d. 1 and 3 e. All of the conditions
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