Question

The organization of the PNS is simple as it consists of nerves and ganglia. On the contrary, the CNS is made up of the spinal cord and the brain, each organ organized in numerous regions/sections fulfilling specific functions. The spinal cord allows proper communication between the brain and most parts of the body below the neck. The brain is the largest organ of the CNS and is further subdivided into: • Cerebrum: main center for learning, memory, language, etc. • Diencephalon: contains the thalamus and hypothalamus, which are important areas for homeostasis, emotions, consciousness, and motor coordination. The hypothalamus is also involved in hunger, circadian rhythms, and endocrine system regulation. • Cerebellum: important center for motor coordination involved in complex activities like playing instruments or sports. • Brainstem: consists of medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. Their functions include: homeostasis, and reflexes, as well as cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory roles. See Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.3 for important anatomical features of the brain. During today's laboratory exercise, you will become familiar with the major structures of the mammalian brain. Every section will be given a sheep brain, which you will observe working as a group or in pairs. The sheep brain is very similar to the brain of a human. Therefore, it has been used as a laboratory model for the students of Human Biology and Human Anatomy and Physiology throughout the world. ACTIVITY 1: THE SURFACE ANATOMY OF THE SHEEP BRAIN Procedure: 1. In the sink, remove the preserved sheep brain from its package. 2. Rinse the brain under cold water to get rid of the fixative. 3. Place the brain on its ventral side on the dissection tray (Figure 11.2, Step 1). 4. Obtain the surgical scissors, probes, and scalpel. 5. Bring everything you have to your station. 6. Identify all major parts of the brain surface anatomy. 7. Referring to Figure 11.1, read the text and answer the questions below: The cerebrum is divided in four lobes called, the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. Each lobe controls certain functions of the body. Identify those lobes on the sheep brain and indicate their functions below: Frontal lobe Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe

The organization of the PNS is simple as it consists of nerves and ganglia. On the contrary, the CNS is made up of the spinal cord and the brain, each organ organized in numerous regions/sections fulfilling specific functions. The spinal cord allows proper communication between the brain and most parts of the body below the neck. The brain is the largest organ of the CNS and is further subdivided into:

• Cerebrum: main center for learning, memory, language, etc.
• Diencephalon: contains the thalamus and hypothalamus, which are important areas for homeostasis, emotions, consciousness, and motor coordination. The hypothalamus is also involved in hunger, circadian rhythms, and endocrine system regulation.
• Cerebellum: important center for motor coordination involved in complex activities like playing instruments or sports.
• Brainstem: consists of medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. Their functions include: homeostasis, and reflexes, as well as cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory roles.

See Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.3 for important anatomical features of the brain.

During today's laboratory exercise, you will become familiar with the major structures of the mammalian brain. Every section will be given a sheep brain, which you will observe working as a group or in pairs. The sheep brain is very similar to the brain of a human. Therefore, it has been used as a laboratory model for the students of Human Biology and Human Anatomy and Physiology throughout the world.

ACTIVITY 1: THE SURFACE ANATOMY OF THE SHEEP BRAIN

Procedure:
1. In the sink, remove the preserved sheep brain from its package.
2. Rinse the brain under cold water to get rid of the fixative.
3. Place the brain on its ventral side on the dissection tray (Figure 11.2, Step 1).
4. Obtain the surgical scissors, probes, and scalpel.
5. Bring everything you have to your station.
6. Identify all major parts of the brain surface anatomy.
7. Referring to Figure 11.1, read the text and answer the questions below:

The cerebrum is divided in four lobes called, the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. Each lobe controls certain functions of the body. Identify those lobes on the sheep brain and indicate their functions below:

Frontal lobe
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe

The organization of the PNS is simple as it consists of nerves and ganglia. On the contrary, the CNS is made up of the spinal cord and the brain, each organ organized in numerous regions/sections fulfilling specific functions. The spinal cord allows proper communication between the brain and most parts of the body below the neck. The brain is the largest organ of the CNS and is further subdivided into:

• Cerebrum: main center for learning, memory, language, etc.
• Diencephalon: contains the thalamus and hypothalamus, which are important areas for homeostasis, emotions, consciousness, and motor coordination. The hypothalamus is also involved in hunger, circadian rhythms, and endocrine system regulation.
• Cerebellum: important center for motor coordination involved in complex activities like playing instruments or sports.
• Brainstem: consists of medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. Their functions include: homeostasis, and reflexes, as well as cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory roles.

See Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.3 for important anatomical features of the brain.

During today's laboratory exercise, you will become familiar with the major structures of the mammalian brain. Every section will be given a sheep brain, which you will observe working as a group or in pairs. The sheep brain is very similar to the brain of a human. Therefore, it has been used as a laboratory model for the students of Human Biology and Human Anatomy and Physiology throughout the world.

ACTIVITY 1: THE SURFACE ANATOMY OF THE SHEEP BRAIN

Procedure:
1. In the sink, remove the preserved sheep brain from its package.
2. Rinse the brain under cold water to get rid of the fixative.
3. Place the brain on its ventral side on the dissection tray (Figure 11.2, Step 1).
4. Obtain the surgical scissors, probes, and scalpel.
5. Bring everything you have to your station.
6. Identify all major parts of the brain surface anatomy.
7. Referring to Figure 11.1, read the text and answer the questions below:

The cerebrum is divided in four lobes called, the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. Each lobe controls certain functions of the body. Identify those lobes on the sheep brain and indicate their functions below:

Frontal lobe
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe

Added by Larry S.

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