When cells signal when right next to each other, it is known as? Ois called autocrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact. Ois called juxtacrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact with the cytoplasm of another cell. Ois called intracrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact with the cytoplasm of another cell. None of these answers is correct
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A signaling molecule is located or fixed on the surface of a cell and interacts only with receptors on neighboring cells. What kind of signaling is most likely being described? Paracrine signaling Cytosolic Sharing Endocrine signaling Juxtacrine/Contact-dependent signaling Autocrine signaling
Adi S.
Form of signaling where the secreted signal causes the original cell to keep secreting the signal: Contact-Dependent Signaling This form of signaling would be required in order to recruit immune cells (from the spleen) to a skin lesion on your foot: Paracrine Signaling The transmembrane receptor on one cell directly binds to the transmembrane receptor on another cell: Autocrine Signaling Small signaling molecules are secreted into the extracellular space where they bind to membrane receptors on nearby cells. Endocrine Signaling The signal molecule (typically hormone) binds to a large receptor after being transported through the bloodstream. Immortalized cell lines do not respond appropriately to this form of signaling, which is why they are able to overgrow when not passaged. Form of cellular communication that acts like a positive feedback loop, reinforcing the effects of the original signal molecule.
8. Consider each of the following cellular communication examples. Divide the work among group members. Have each group member determine which type of signaling is being used in their scenario (autocrine, juxtacrine, paracrine or endocrine), and then present their reasoning to the group. a. Quorum sensing is used by bacteria to determine the population density of their species in a local area. (Many bacterial functions would be ineffective in small numbers—infecting a host organism with a toxin, for example—and would therefore be a waste of energy and resources to the bacteria.) Each bacterium produces a ligand. Once the concentration of that ligand reaches a critical concentration, thus indicating a sufficient population density for the response to be effective, all bacteria will respond simultaneously. b. Plants construct channels between cells called plasmodesmata that allow ligands to move directly from one cell to another throughout the plant structure. c. Morphogens are produced in embryos from a central source early in development. They diffuse throughout the tissue creating a concentration gradient that provides a spatial reference for developing cells. Cells far from the morphogen production will develop into one type of tissue while cells close to the source will develop into a different type of tissue. This allows for differentiation of cell structure early in embryotic development. d. Cells in the human pancreas release insulin when blood sugar levels are elevated. The insulin signals cells in the liver to begin absorbing glucose and convert it to glycogen for storage.
Madhur L.
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