00:01
Now you're going to answer this question, let's talk about glycolysis.
00:03
Remember that glycolysis is going to start with a glucose molecule, and it is going to be broken down via the process of glycolysis, well, this glucose is going to be broken down via the process of glycolysis, where there is going to be production of two pyruvate molecules.
00:17
Okay, then after this, these pyroids are going to be metabolized even further.
00:22
But the important thing here is that there is an enzyme here, that is a great limiting enzyme of glycolysis, and it is called phosphofructokinase 1.
00:33
This is a weight limiting enzyme because many molecules are going to allosterically change the shape of this phosphofotokinase one and it is going to alter the rate of lycology.
00:43
For example, if you have atp or high levels of atp are going to inhibit this of a fructokinous one.
00:53
Why? well, because the goal of lycolysis is to produce atp and also energy intermediaries.
00:59
So, we will, you have enough levels of atp, it means high levels of atp, then your cell is not going to require more atp.
01:06
So these high levels of atp are going to steam, are going to inhibit this possible fructokinine in order to slow the rate of glycolysis, and there is no, there is in order for glycolysis to cure slower, and hence there is less or low atp production in that moment, because we don't need more atp, okay? another example is the molecule of fructose d2 .6 bifosphate.
01:34
This is produced by a metabolite that is just above this reaction of fructinous1.
01:40
So when you're producing glycolysis, you're going to produce also high levels of fructose 2 .6 by phosphate.
01:49
So this is going to stimulate the levels, well, this is going to stimulate for fructinous 1 in order for glycolysis to occur faster.
01:58
Also, we have that citrate is going to inhibit this phosphofutokinase 1 because well this pyruvate is going to convert into cetalchoa and acetate is going to convert to citrate so if you have high levels of citrate then it means that you're metabolizing a lot of pyruid molecules practically citrate is an indicator of high levels of adp so we're going to inhibit a fossil frotokinus one and then we have amp is normally going to stimulate a fossil photokinousinous one because when you break down atp, you're going to produce amp.
02:37
So high levels of amp means that you're breaking down high levels of atp, and it means that the metabolism in the cell is high, so you're going to require more glycolysis, and hence this phosphoprothynidase one is going to be stimulated.
02:51
So glycolycolysis occurs faster.
02:53
This question says, which is the following would be associated with low glycolysis rate.
02:59
Option acese activation of phosphoprotein phosphatase.
03:04
And this is false because, or well, this is not the answer because this phospho -14 phosphatase is activated by insulin.
03:11
I forgot to tell you that insulin is going to act on the insulin receptor that is a type of thyrgyrosynase receptor.
03:21
And it is going to lead to the activation or the stimulation of more production of this fructose 2 .6 by phosphate.
03:33
So practically insulin is going to lead to more glycolonial.
03:36
Or to high glycolysis rate.
03:38
So this option is b is false, or this is not the answer.
03:42
Option b says exercise.
03:46
And this is also false because during exercise, your cells, for example, your skeletal muscle cells are going to require more atp, so they are going to produce more glycolysis in order to produce more atp.
03:59
Option c says in low glucose levels.
04:04
In contrast to this, glucagon is a g -cupor, protein receptor or glucose -agon receptor, okay? it is attached to a g protein...
