A Class C internet address, used for small networks, is a...

A Class $\mathrm{C}$ internet address, used for small networks, is a bit string of length 32 . The first bits are 110 (to identify it as a Class $\mathrm{C}$ address $)$. The netid is given by the next 21 bits, which identifies the network. The hostid is given by the remaining 8 bits, which identifies the computer interface. The hostid must not consist of all 0 's or all 1's. How many Class $\mathrm{C}$ addresses are available?

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Key Concepts

IPv4 Addressing

IPv4 addressing uses a 32?bit binary number to uniquely identify devices on a network. This system divides the address into different parts (such as network and host) using various classes (A, B, C, etc.) to efficiently allocate address space according to network size.

Class C Address Format

A Class C address is designated by having the first three bits fixed (110) to indicate its class, followed by a specific arrangement of bits into a network identifier (netid) and a host identifier (hostid). This structure enables addressing for smaller networks, where the netid determines the network and the hostid specifies individual devices.

Combinatorial Counting in IP Addressing

The total number of IP addresses can be determined by counting the possible bit combinations in the address fields. This involves applying the principles of binary arithmetic and combinatorics to calculate the number of valid addresses, especially when certain combinations (like all zeros or all ones in the host portion) are reserved and must be excluded.

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