A copper wire of cross sectional area 2.5 mm^2 carries a current of 13.5 mA. (a) What is the p

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A copper wire of cross sectional area 2.5 mm^2 carries a...

A copper wire of cross sectional area $2.5 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$ carries a current of $13.5 \mathrm{~mA}$. (a) What is the potential difference across a $2.00 \mathrm{~m}$ length of the wire? (b) What would the potential difference in part (a) be if the wire were silver instead of copper, but all else were the same?

Key Concepts

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law is a fundamental relationship in electrical circuits that states the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. This relation, often expressed as V = IR, provides the basis for evaluating how changes in current and resistance affect the voltage in a circuit.

Resistivity and Material Properties

Resistivity is an intrinsic property of a material that quantifies how strongly it opposes electric current. Different materials, such as copper and silver, have different resistivities, influencing the resistance of a conductor when its cross-sectional area and length are known. This concept is crucial for understanding why a wire made of one material behaves differently from a wire made of another even if their physical dimensions and the current flowing through them are identical.

Resistance Calculation

The resistance of a conductor can be calculated using the formula R = ?L/A, where ? is the resistivity of the material, L is the length, and A is the cross-sectional area. This relationship shows how the electrical resistance is affected by both the material's intrinsic property (resistivity) and the geometric dimensions of the conductor.

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