Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions:...

Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions: (a) 293 g HCl in $666 \mathrm{~mL}$ of solution, a concentrated $\mathrm{HCl}$ solution (b) $2.026 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{FeCl}_{3}$ in $0.1250 \mathrm{~L}$ of a solution used as an unknown in general chemistry laboratories (c) $0.001 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{Cd}^{2+}$ in $0.100 \mathrm{~L}$, the maximum permissible concentration of cadmium in drinking water (d) $0.0079 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{SNO}_{3}$ in one ounce ( $29.6 \mathrm{~mL}$ ), the concentration of saccharin in a diet soft drink.

Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions:
(a) 293 g HCl in $666 \mathrm{~mL}$ of solution, a concentrated $\mathrm{HCl}$ solution
(b) $2.026 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{FeCl}_{3}$ in $0.1250 \mathrm{~L}$ of a solution used as an unknown in general chemistry laboratories
(c) $0.001 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{Cd}^{2+}$ in $0.100 \mathrm{~L}$, the maximum permissible concentration of cadmium in drinking water
(d) $0.0079 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{SNO}_{3}$ in one ounce ( $29.6 \mathrm{~mL}$ ), the concentration of saccharin in a diet soft drink.

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Key Concepts

Molarity Formula Application

The molarity formula, defined as moles of solute divided by liters of solution, is used to calculate the concentration of solutions. This formula is foundational in quantitative chemical analysis, enabling the determination of how concentrated a solute is within a given volume of solution.

Unit Conversion

Unit conversion is essential to ensure that all measurements are in compatible units. This includes converting volumes from milliliters to liters and masses from milligrams to grams, which allows for accurate calculations when applying formulae such as the molarity formula.

Conversion of Mass to Moles

Converting mass to moles involves using the molar mass of a compound. The number of moles is obtained by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass. This conversion is crucial because chemical reactions are based on the number of molecules or moles rather than mass.

Molarity

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is a key concept in solution chemistry and is fundamental when preparing or analyzing chemical solutions.

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