Consider the following depictions of two atoms, which have...

Consider the following depictions of two atoms, which have been greatly enlarged so you can see the subatomic particles. a. How many protons are present in atom A? b.What is the significance of the number of protons depicted in atom A or any atom? c.Can you identify the real element represented by the drawing of atom A? If so, what element does it represent? d.What is the charge on atom $\mathrm{A}$ ? Explain how you arrived at your answer. e.Write the nuclide symbol of atom $\mathrm{A}$. f.Write the atomic symbol and the atomic number of atom B. g. What is the mass number of atom B? How does this mass number compare with that of atom $\mathrm{A}$ ? h. What is the charge on atom B? i. Write the nuclide symbol of atom $\mathrm{B}$. j. Draw pictures like those above of ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}^{+}$ and ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}^{-}$ atoms. What are the mass number and atomic number of each of these atoms? k.Consider the two atoms depicted in this problem and the two that you just drew. What is the total number of lithium isotopes depicted? How did you make your decision? l. Is the mass number of an isotope of an atom equal to the mass of the isotope of the atom? Be sure to explain your answer.

Consider the following depictions of two atoms, which have been greatly enlarged so you can see the subatomic particles.
a. How many protons are present in atom A?
b.What is the significance of the number of protons depicted in atom A or any atom?
c.Can you identify the real element represented by the drawing of atom A? If so, what element does it represent?
d.What is the charge on atom $\mathrm{A}$ ? Explain how you arrived at your answer.
e.Write the nuclide symbol of atom $\mathrm{A}$.
f.Write the atomic symbol and the atomic number of atom B.
g. What is the mass number of atom B? How does this mass number compare with that of atom $\mathrm{A}$ ?
h. What is the charge on atom B?
i. Write the nuclide symbol of atom $\mathrm{B}$.
j. Draw pictures like those above of ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}^{+}$ and ${ }_{3}^{6} \mathrm{Li}^{-}$ atoms. What are the mass number and atomic number of each of these atoms?
k.Consider the two atoms depicted in this problem and the two that you just drew. What is the total number of lithium isotopes depicted? How did you make your decision?
l. Is the mass number of an isotope of an atom equal to the mass of the isotope of the atom? Be sure to explain your answer.

Key Concepts

Atomic Structure

This concept involves the arrangement of subatomic particles—protons, neutrons, and electrons—in an atom. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Understanding this structure is essential for explaining atomic behavior, interactions, and the formation of ions.

Atomic Number and Proton Count

The atomic number of an element is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus. This number determines the identity of the element and its position on the periodic table. It also influences properties such as chemical behavior and ionization possibilities.

Nuclide Symbol Notation

Nuclide symbols provide a shorthand way to represent a specific isotope of an element by denoting its atomic number, mass number, and chemical symbol. This notation helps in succinctly conveying the composition of an atom’s nucleus and is essential in nuclear chemistry and physics.

Ion Formation and Net Charge

An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge. The overall charge of an ion is determined by the difference between the number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge). This concept is crucial for understanding chemical reactivity and bonding.

Isotopes and Mass Number

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, leading to differing mass numbers. The mass number represents the total count of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, impacting the atomic mass and stability of the isotope.

Transcript

00:01 In this problem, problem 2 .26 from ebbing's general chemistry 11th edition, we're given two representations of two different isotopes or atoms, and we're asked some questions about them.

00:16 I've reproduced them here, just drawn them, and i've written down spaces to write each of the answers.

00:22 So the first one, the first five are related to this drawing of atom a.

00:27 The first one is how many protons are present? this is easy.

00:31 It's just a counting problem.

00:32 We just count the blue circles because those represent protons.

00:35 And so there are three protons.

00:37 What are b? what is the significance of the number of protons depicted in atom a or any atom? the number of protons determines properties.

00:53 What do i mean by that? so it determines what atom it is.

00:58 If there are three protons, then, of course, we will have atomic number three, which would be lithium.

01:10 Which is question c.

01:12 Can you identify the real element of atom a? again, i just said we have atomic number three on the periodic table that is lithium.

01:23 Letter d, we're asked what is the charge.

01:26 So for that, we're going to compare the number of protons to the number of electrons.

01:29 In this case, we have three protons and three electrons.

01:33 Since they're equal, we'll have a zero charge.

01:39 And letter e, we are asked to write the nucleide symbol of atom a.

01:47 So the nucleide symbol is going to be the name of the element.

01:52 We would put the charge here, but we're going to put a zero because it is not charged.

01:56 Of course, we normally wouldn't put anything there.

02:01 So i just wanted to explicate that.

02:04 At the bottom left, we'll put the atomic number, in this case three.

02:07 At the top left, we would have to put the mass number, which is the sum of the protons and neutrons.

02:13 So there's three protons plus one, two, three, four neutrons.

02:16 So seven.

02:20 Letter f through i pertain to atom b.

02:24 So letter f, we're asked to write the atomic symbol and the atomic number of atom b.

02:30 So once again, we have three protons, so we know that it's lithium, and the atomic number is.

02:37 Is 3.

02:39 On letter g, we're asked, what is the mass number of atom b? so the mass number, of course, we add the protons and neutrons.

02:47 In this case, we have three protons, three neutrons, so the mass number is six.

02:51 And we're asked, how does it compare with that of atom a? it is lower by one...

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