How many moles of net NADH+H^+ are produced from 1 mole of glucose going to (a) Acetyl-CoA? (b)

How many moles of net NADH+H^+ are produced from 1 mole of...

Key Concepts

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway in which one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, substrate-level phosphorylation and redox reactions occur, leading to the production of NADH molecules. This step is fundamental in cellular energy metabolism and provides precursors for further metabolic pathways.

Aerobic Pyruvate Oxidation (via the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex)

In aerobic conditions, pyruvate produced by glycolysis is converted into acetyl CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. This conversion involves the oxidation of pyruvate, resulting in the production of additional NADH. When glucose is fully processed to acetyl CoA, the NADH yield from both glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation adds together, contributing to the energy yield in subsequent steps of aerobic respiration.

Anaerobic Fermentation (Lactate Formation)

Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase. This reaction consumes the NADH produced during glycolysis to regenerate NAD+ required for the continuation of glycolysis. The net effect in lactate formation is that the NADH generated during glycolysis is utilized rather than accumulated, maintaining the redox balance necessary for anaerobic energy production.

Transcript

00:01 So in this video, we're going to be looking at the glycolysis pathway, and more specifically, we're going to be determining how many nadh are going to be produced when making either lactate or acytoe.

00:14 So i've kind of drawn out this glycolysis pathway very simply.

00:17 I haven't added any of the enzymes just for simplicity, but i did add in the atp and adp being used and produced.

00:26 So the first step that's going to use nadh is going to be right here.

00:31 So when glycerolidhyde 3 phosphate is converted to 1 -3 bisphosphoglycerate, it's going to use an nad, and i use two different colors, just so it's a little less confusing as well, and it's going to be converted to nadh like that.

00:52 Now the thing to remember here is fructose -16 bisphosphate is actually a 6 carbon molecule, so i'll write c6.

01:01 And it's going to be split into either glyceroldehyde -3 -phosphate or dihydroxyacetoccyacetone phosphate, which are both going to be three carbons.

01:13 Three -carbon.

01:16 So all of the dihydroxyacetotone phosphate is then going to be converted into glycerol -di -3 phosphate anyway.

01:23 So really at this step, you can say that from one fructose -16 bisphosphate, you are going to make two glycerolohdehyde -3 phosphate.

01:32 So i just do kind of a star right here and then do like a times two.

01:38 Just to remember that everything below this step is now going to be times two.

01:45 So here when it says we're making one nadh, we're actually making 2 nadh because it's going through the process twice.

01:53 You have two glycerolidid 3 phosphates, so you're going to be making 2 nadh.

01:58 So we'll do 2nadh.

02:02 And circle it, just so we can remember.

02:06 And the second step that's going to be using nadh or nad is going to be the conversion of pyruvate to either aceto -coa or to lactate...

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