The Sun's surface temperature is about 5800 K. At this temperature, hydrogen is in its atomic s

Name: Problem 71, Chapter 12: Essential College Physics
Uploaded: 2021-05-29T13:03:59-08:00
Duration: 1 min 1 s
Channel: Narayan Hari
Description: The Sun's surface temperature is about 5800 K. At this temperature, hydrogen is in its atomic state (H), rather than its molecular state (H2). (a) What's the average thermal energy of hydrogen atoms at the solar surface? (b) Compare with hydrogen's ionization energy, 2.18 ×10^-18 J

step 1 Solving part 3 of this problem, as we all know that the average kinetic energy formula is given

Question

The Sun's surface temperature is about $5800 \mathrm{~K}$. At this temperature, hydrogen is in its atomic state $(\mathrm{H}),$ rather than its molecular state $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)$. (a) What's the average thermal energy of hydrogen atoms at the solar surface? (b) Compare with hydrogen's ionization energy, $2.18 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}$

   The Sun's surface temperature is about $5800 \mathrm{~K}$. At this temperature, hydrogen is in its atomic state $(\mathrm{H}),$ rather than its molecular state $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)$. (a) What's the average thermal energy of hydrogen atoms at the solar surface? (b) Compare with hydrogen's ionization energy, $2.18 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}$

Essential College Physics

Andrew F. Rex,… 1st Edition

Chapter 12, Problem 71

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Narayan Hari

05/29/2021

Step 1

Step 1: The average kinetic energy of a particle in a gas is given by the formula $\frac{3}{2}k_BT$, where $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant and $T$ is the temperature. Show more…

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The Sun's surface temperature is about $5800 \mathrm{~K}$. At this temperature, hydrogen is in its atomic state $(\mathrm{H}),$ rather than its molecular state $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)$. (a) What's the average thermal energy of hydrogen atoms at the solar surface? (b) Compare with hydrogen's ionization energy, $2.18 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}$

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Key Concepts

Ionization Energy

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom, thereby creating a positive ion. It is a critical parameter in atomic physics and astrophysics, as it determines the conditions under which atoms ionize. Comparing the ionization energy with the average thermal energy helps in assessing whether thermal effects at a given temperature are sufficient to ionize the atom.

Average Thermal Energy (kT)

This concept relates to the typical energy possessed by particles due to temperature. In statistical mechanics, the average thermal energy of a particle in a system at temperature T is given by the product of the Boltzmann constant and the temperature (kT). This provides a useful scale for comparing energy levels in different physical processes and helps in understanding how thermal motion can overcome binding energies in atoms or molecules.

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