What is the difference between the atomic number and the...

Name: Problem 53, Chapter 3: World of Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-05-21T17:08:55-08:00
Duration: 1 min 4 s
Channel: Natalie Britton
Description: What is the difference between the atomic number and the mass number of an element? Can atoms of two different elements have the same atomic number? Could they have the same mass number? Explain.

What is the difference between the atomic number and the mass number of an element? Can atoms of two different elements have the same atomic number? Could they have the same mass number? Explain.

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Key Concepts

Isobars

Isobars are atoms of different elements (hence different atomic numbers) that have the same mass number. They occur when the sum of protons and neutrons is identical, even though the individual counts of protons and neutrons differ, leading to different chemical elements with similar total nucleon counts.

Element Identity

An element's identity is determined by its atomic number, not its mass number. This means that even if two atoms have the same mass number, they can be different elements if they have different numbers of protons, which directly affect their chemical behavior and classification.

Mass Number

The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. It gives an approximate measure of the atomic mass (in atomic mass units) of an atom but does not uniquely identify an element since different combinations of protons and neutrons can result in the same mass number.

Atomic Number

The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element on the periodic table, as the number of protons determines the chemical properties and placement of an element. No two different elements share the same atomic number because the atomic number defines the element itself.

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