Problem 2. Simulation Result
Below is the model simulation result of a system at equilibrium state with
the input of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, sodium chloride and [H$^+$].
| | Base Case | -50% sulfate | -50% ammonium |
|---|---|---|---|
| **Gas phase (ppb)** | | | |
| HNO$_3$ | 6.3 | 2.0 | 7.3 |
| HCl | 3.7 | 2.0 | 3.9 |
| NH$_3$ | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.001 |
| **PM ($\mu$g m$^{-3}$)** | | | |
| Ammonium | 10 | 9.9 | 5 |
| Sodium | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
| Bisulfate | 12.5 | 1.0 | 23.5 |
| Sulfate | 28 | 19.1 | 17.1 |
| Nitrate | 2.8 | 14.5 | 0.3 |
| Chloride | 0.3 | 2.9 | 0.3 |
| Water | 77.2 | 76.3 | 78.1 |
| Total dry mass | 57.5 | 51.3 | 50.1 |
The result for the normal condition is presented under the column of Base
Case. Focusing on PM, how does it respond to (a) 50% reduction of sulfate
and (b) 50% reduction of ammonium at input? [8 points]
**You only need to provide 1-2 significant observations for your answer.**
