After a drunk driving accident, Adisa has been court ordered to see, Naseem, a therapist who specializes in alcohol-and-substance use disorders. Naseem practices from a harm reduction model and uses motivational interviewing as an primary therapeutic intervention.
Although he meets criteria for moderate alcohol use disorder, when Adisa first comes in to see Naseem he denies having any problems with alcohol misuse and demonstrates no interest in changing his behavior with/relationship to alcohol.
Through the therapeutic process, Adisa begins to see the negative impact his alcohol use has had on his life and starts to consider reducing alcohol consumption. However, Adisa really struggles with committing to reducing consumption or taking any steps in that direction.
In a recent session he says to Naseem, "I don't want to end up with liver failure, like my dad, but I can't imagine giving up going out drinking with my friends--it's one of the few enjoyments I have in life."
Based on the stages of change model, what stage was Adisa in when he first came into treatment and what stage does his statement to Naseem indicate he is in?