7. (13 points) A. Below is data collected for the reaction when metabolite Y is synthesized from metabolite X under two different conditions. Plot the data on a single graph and label all axes. (3 pts)
Condition 1
reaction progress (beginning to end) free energy
1 7
2 8.25
3 8.5
4 8.75
5 8.5
6 8.25
7 4
8 1.5
9 1
10 1
Condition 2
reaction progress (beginning to end) free energy
1 7
2 9
3 10
4 10.5
5 10
6 8.25
7 4
8 1.5
9 1
10 1
B. Fully label all parts relevant parts of this graph that is required for correct interpretation. (6 points)
C. For the reaction X ↔ Y, what does condition 1 and condition 2 represent? (1 pts)
D. Calculate the ΔG for the reaction of X ↔ Y? Does it change between Condition 1 and 2? Why or why not? (3 pts)
8. (0 points) EXTRA CREDIT
A. Jack has genetic variations that increase the Km of ADH and decrease the Km of ALDH. He watches some basketball with his buddies and they each have 8 beers during the course of the game. Explain the role of Km on enzyme activity and how these variants would most likely affects Jack in comparison to his friends during the game and the next morning. (It is given that all parties above are of drinking age and each has a designated driver. And for the record, that is way too much beer. If they keep drinking that way they may get fatty liver and a beer gut.)
B. Decades ago, it was observed that the cells from liver cancer had an increased rate of glycolysis than normal cells. It was hypothesized that the intermediate metabolites in glycolysis were being used to produce the nucleic acids, fatty acids, and proteins to synthesize new cells. This inefficient use of glucose is coupled with pyruvate being converted to lactate rather than used for aerobic cellular respiration. These cells also had an increased expression of glucose transporters and hexokinase, along with other significant changes. In support of this hypothesis, 1) why would these cells have an increase in glucose transporters and hexokinase and 2) hypothesize how hexokinase, PFK, and pyruvate kinase may regulated in some liver cancer cells. Support your answer. This answer is not meant to be researched or Googled, but answered based on what we learned in class about pathways and enzyme regulation. Google is not part of the scientific method.