36. A 17-year-old, has been recently diagnosed with having diabetes mellitus Type I. Insulin is prescribed. The client asks why insulin can't be taken by mouth. What is the best answer for the nurse to give? a. "Insulin is irritating to the stomach." b. "Oral insulin is too rapidly absorbed." c. "Gastric juices destroy insulin." d. "You can take it by mouth when the acute phase is over." 37. An adult received regular insulin at 7 a.m., she is irritable and sweaty, but her side is cool. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Have her lie down for a rest. b. Give her a cola drink. c. Give ordered insulin. d. Encourage exercise. 38. A woman who is taking cortisone for an acute exacerbation of the rheumatoid arthritis is upset about the fat face she has developed. She tells the nurse, "I'm going to quit taking that cortisone." The nurse's response should be based on which understanding? a. Cortisone does not cause a fat face. b. The symptoms will lessen as her body adjusts to the medication. c. The drug should immediately discontinue when adverse effects occur. d. Cortisone should never be abruptly discontinued. 39. An adult woman has been diagnosed as being hypothyroidism. She is taking Cytomel (liothyronine sodium) 50 mcg daily. Which of the following side effects should the nurse be especially alert for? a. Angina. b. Fatigue. c. Rash. d. Gastritis.
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The best answer is c. "Gastric juices destroy insulin." Insulin is a protein hormone that can be easily broken down by the digestive enzymes in the stomach if taken orally. Therefore, it cannot be effectively absorbed if taken by mouth. Show more…
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Adi S.
1-Diabetics have an increased risk of damaged vessel walls, atherosclerosis, and poor circulation for which TWO of the following reasons? a- To compensate for the "acetone" breath, individuals usually eat a high-fat diet, increasing the amount of fat being transported in the blood. b- Acidosis decreases blood flow through vessels. c- More fats are transported in the blood because more fatty acids are used as an energy source. d- Decreased secretion of cholesterol by the kidneys will increase the risk of atherosclerosis. e- Increased osmolarity in the blood (because of increased blood glucose) will damage vessel walls. 2- Uncontrolled diabetes may result in which of the following? a- Increased levels of ketones in the blood. b- Increased blood glucose. c- Decrease in blood pH (acidosis). d- Decreased excretion of positively charged ions by the kidneys. e- Central nervous system hyper-excitability. 3- Vladimir has been incredibly sick lately and says that he has been getting sick a lot lately. With reference to the endocrine system, which of the following explains why individuals, like Vladimir, who have been under a great deal of stress are likely to become ill? a- Increased release of cortisol when stressed will inhibit the immune system. b- The immune system is inhibited by the increased levels of glucose produced when stressed. c- Resources are diverted from normal metabolism and the immune system to the skeletal muscles when stressed. d- Stress increases the release of epinephrine, which shuts down the production of antibodies and white blood cell activity. e- The increased release of aldosterone when stressed will increase blood sodium levels, which inhibits the activity of white blood cells and the release of inflammatory chemicals. 4- Vladimir has been incredibly stressed lately, his nurse practitioner decides to test his blood glucose levels. How would you expect Vladimir's glucose levels to change in response to his extremely high levels of stress? a- High. b- Low. c- No change in glucose levels because of stress.
Glycemic Case Study 10 points A 30-year-old male who works at your nutrition clinic believes he has diabetes mellitus. His father and paternal grandfather both developed this disease late in life. He has polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia accompanied by weakness, weight loss, and blurry vision. You test his urine and find 3+ glycosuria, and blood glucose is 450 mg/dl. He does not want to take insulin and hopes that pills will be enough. On the other hand, he has heard that oral hypoglycemics can be bad for you. Discuss this case with reference to oral glycemics, mechanism of action, and toxicity. Folic Acid Case Study 10 points A 50-year-old male with a long history of heavy drinking has been referred to your nutrition clinic. Four months ago, another physician told him he had an ulcer. He still has abdominal pain, but now he also complains of a painful tongue, sore mouth, and trouble walking. He attributes some of his weakness to all the diarrhea he is having. The patient's wife is impressed that her cousin had the same symptoms when he was receiving chemotherapy for his lymphoma. Discuss this case with reference to Folate absorption and malabsorption, Action in cancer, and Action in antibacterial drugs.
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