Cells lining the intestine absorb a lot of nutrients how did...

Cells lining the intestine absorb a lot of nutrients. How did those cells adapt to their function? a. Cells use cilia to move nutrients to their surface. b. Cells grow much larger than adjacent cells to increase intake c. Cells are flat and thin to absorb more nutrients. d. Membrane folds called microvilli increase the surface area.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, in order to this question, we have to talk about some features of the lining of the small intestine.

00:09 Remember that in the digestive tract, this is the esophagus, it's going to be the stomach.

00:16 And here, the duo on the way going to start, and then the rest of the small intestine, okay, the jejunal and helium.

00:24 When you, when someone eat, food is going to pass through the esophagus and then to the stomach.

00:31 All the nutrients or the food we eat, for example, proteins, carbohydrates, and also fats are going to be dissolved into small particles.

00:42 Okay, for example, into monomers in general.

00:43 For example, carbohydrates, we normally eat them as polysaccharides, as polysaccharides and also as discharides or oligosaccharides, okay? for example, here we have sucrose that is adizaccharide, for example.

01:07 So one example, but during digestion, these type of carbohydrates are going to be divided into monosaccharides.

01:18 It means to the most basic form, to the most basic form that are glucose, fructose, and galactose.

01:27 Okay and they are going to get like that here in the small intestine and they are going to be absorbed okay let's start to expand this part of the small intestine actually the lining of the small intestine is has folds that are called microvali okay microvali okay and this is going to be like this and they are called microvelli because you can't see you can see them with your eyes.

02:04 You have to use a microscope in order to see them.

02:08 For example, besides microvili, because of this faults, and these folds not only have microvili but also viali.

02:17 For example, it can look like this.

02:21 This is your, okay, this is the normal epithelium or a small intestine or a small bowel.

02:27 Well, and these are going to be the vei.

02:33 Okay, it's going to be the vili.

02:35 And where are the microvilii? well, if you expand one portion of this vili, we are going to see this.

02:50 Okay.

02:52 So, practically all of this part, of this part is like this, and these are microvili.

02:59 Okay? and they are going to increase the surface of absorption.

03:04 Why? because imagine you have all of this.

03:06 Only this...

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