quiz 4 metabolism ted oct 6 at 152pm quiz instructions question 3 1 pts all forms of energy prod

Step 1: The question asks about a step that is common to all forms of energy production by bacte

Quiz 4 metabolism ted oct 6 at 152pm quiz instructions...

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The following groups of questions are related to the topics in this chapter. However, they do not all follow the chapter order, and they require you to combine concepts and skills from several sections. These questions will help you increase your critical thinking skills and prepare for your next exam. Match the following ATP yields to reactions a to g: (18.4,18.5 18.6) 2 ATP $\quad 3$ ATP $6 \mathrm{ATP}$ $12 \mathrm{ATP}$ $18 \mathrm{ATP}$ $36 \mathrm{ATP}$ $44 \mathrm{ATP}$ a. Glucose forms two pyruvate. b. Pyruvate forms acetyl-CoA. c. Glucose forms two acetyl-CoA. d. Acetyl-CoA goes through one turn of the citric acid cycle. e. Caproic acid (C $_{6}$ ) is completely oxidized. f. $\mathrm{NADH}+\mathrm{H}^{+}$ is oxidized to $\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$ g. FADH $_{2}$ is oxidized to FAD.

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43. A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks phosphoglucoisomerase, an enzyme that catalyzes the second reaction in glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to kill bacteria in people with infections. However, he cannot do this because a) bacteria are prokaryotes; they usually do not need to perform glycolysis b) human cells must also perform glycolysis; the drug might also poison them c) glycolysis produces so little ATP that the drug will have little effect d) this step in the pathway of glycolysis can be skipped in bacteria, but not in humans e) glycolysis can occur without the action of enzymes 44. There is no production of carbon dioxide in glycolysis. Which of the following is the best explanation for this fact? a) Glucose contains more carbons than the number of carbons found in the pyruvate products that are produced by glycolysis b) The products of glycolysis contain the same total number of carbon atoms as in the starting material c) The initial steps of glycolysis require an input of energy in the form of ATP (two per glucose) d) There is very little ATP produced in glycolysis e) There are no oxidation or reduction reactions in glycolysis to produce CO2 45. Which of the following molecules in the process of glycolysis possesses the most chemical energy? a) fructose-6-phosphate b) pyruvate c) glucose d) fructose-1,6-bisphosphate e) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 46. In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive oxygen. The mice were closely monitored, and after a few minutes radioactive oxygen atoms showed up in (Concept 9.3) a) carbon dioxide b) oxygen gas c) ATP d) water e) NADH 47. In preparing pyruvate to enter the citric acid cycle, which of the following steps occurs? a) Pyruvate is reduced to acetyl-CoA, which involves reduction of pyruvate, addition of a CO2 from environment, & its reduction by NADH b) Pyruvate is oxidized and a molecule of carbon dioxide is removed. The electrons removed in this process are donated to NADH to produce NAD+ c) Pyruvate is reduced and a molecule of carbon dioxide is removed. The electrons removed in this process are used to oxidize NAD+ to NADH d) Pyruvate is oxidized and a molecule of carbon dioxide is removed. The electrons removed in this process are used to reduce NAD+ to NADH e) Pyruvate is ionized directly to acetyl-CoA 48. In the citric acid cycle, for each pyruvate that enters the cycle, one ATP, three NADH, and one FADH2 are produced. For each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are produced in the citric acid cycle? a) three ATP, three NADH, one FADH2 b) two ATP, six NADH, two FADH2 c) one ATP, three NADH, one FADH2 d) four ATP, six NADH, two FADH2 49. After completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of a) acetyl CoA b) ATP c) CO2 d) NADH e) FADH2 50. The energy given up by electrons as they move through the electron transport chain is used in which of the following processes? a) pumping H+ across a membrane b) the production of CO2 c) the oxidation of water d) the production of NADH and FADH2 e) the breakdown of glucose

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All of the following reactions are examples of substrate-level phosphorylation (in glycolysis and the TCA cycle), EXCEPT: a. Phosphoglycerokinase (Gly-7) b. Pyruvate Kinase (Gly-10) c. Hexokinase (Gly-1) d. Succinyl CoA Synthetase (TCA-5) QUESTION 3: In animal cells, pyruvate is normally generated in the cytoplasm and enters the mitochondrial matrix to be further oxidized by PDH and the TCA cycle. Which of the following conditions would PREVENT pyruvate from entering the mitochondrial matrix? a. A high concentration of [H+] in the mitochondrial matrix and a low concentration of [H+] in the intermembrane space. b. Very low concentrations of oxygen (O2) in the cell. c. An electron transport chain inhibitor like antimycin A (which stops electron flow at Complex III). d. A mitochondrial matrix that is more acidic relative to the intermembrane space. e. All of the above conditions would prevent pyruvate from entering the mitochondrial matrix. Question 4: At Complex I in the ETC, NADH transfers 2 electrons to flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The overall redox reaction is the following: NADH + FMN + H+ --> FMNH2 + NAD+ Calculate the standard free energy change for the redox reaction shown above. a. -0.92 kcal/mol b. +0.92 kcal/mol c. -0.46 kcal/mol d. +0.46 kcal/mol e. Not enough information to answer this question.

Sri K.

Transcript

00:01 In this problem, we are asked to match the reactions listed here with the atp yields listed here.

00:08 We can look back at sections 18 .4, 18 .5, and 18 .6 for this information.

00:15 Our first reaction is glucose forming 2 pyruvate, which is essentially the process of glycolysis.

00:22 From looking back in the text, we can find that glycolysis has a net yield of 6 atp.

00:31 Next we have pyruvate forming acetyl co -a.

00:34 Which occurs under aerobic conditions.

00:37 From the text, we see that this process yields 3 atp...

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