Which of the following statement best describes the storage and breakdown of lipids? A. The only enzyme involved in breaking down lipids in the skeletal muscle is Adipose Triglyceride Lipase. B. The main storage form of fat in the body is fatty acids. C. Triacylglycerols cannot be stored in the liver. D. Muscles cannot oxidize triacylglycerols directly and must be broken down into glycerol and free fatty acids.
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4) Lipolysis is used to A) Degrade triacylglycerols B) Prepare triacylglycerols for excretion C) Remove lipid from membrane D) Cleave fatty acids into two carbon units E) Convert fatty acids to glucose 5) Which of the following lipids have signaling functions? A) Triacylglycerols B) Steroids C) Bile salts D) Prostaglandins E) α-tocopherol 6) The principal means of producing glycerol in the body A) The triacylglycerol cycle B) Glyceroneogenesis C) Gluconeogenesis D) Lipolysis E) Liponeogenesis 7) Which of the following is not a function of lipids A) Energy storage B) Components of biological membranes C) Insulation D) Source of acetyl-CoA E) All of the above are functions of lipids 8) Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol by action of __________. A) Lipases B) SAM C) Acyl carrier protein D) Serine E) Base exchange enzyme 9) Enzymes required for fatty acid oxidation (beta-oxidation) are found in __________ &__________. A) ER; Nucleus B) Mitochondria; ER C) Mitochondria; Peroxisomes D) Peroxisomes; ER E) Golgi; Cellwall 10) When energy reserves are low, the body's fat stores are mobilized in a process termed as __________. A) Lipogenesis B) Glycolysis C) Ketolysis D) Lipolysis E) Proteolysis
Madhur L.
Fatty Acid Catabolism 1.(0.25)The primary storage form of lipid is and it is normally stored in the a. phospholipid; liver b. cholesterol; muscles c. monoacylglycerol; adipocytes d. triacylglycerols; adipocytes e. triacylglycerols; liver 2.(0.25) The sequence for activation of the release of fatty acids from adipose cells is A. protein kinase activation B. cAMP production C. triacylglycerol lipase activation D. fatty acid binding to serum albumin E. hormone binding receptor F. adenylyl cyclase activation G. diacylglycerol lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase a. B, G, A, D, E, F, C b. D, E, B, A, F, G, C c. E, B, C, G, A, F, D d. E, B, G, D, A, C, F e. E, F, B, A, C, G, D 3. (0.25) In words, describe the reaction of a lipase, including the EC class of the enzyme. (0.25) EC classification of lipases: (0.5) Draw the chemical structures for a lipase reaction, naming the enzyme and cofactors. 4.(0.25) Bile salts are important in the initial digestion of triacylglycerols in the intestine because they: a. are coenzymes for pancreatic lipase. b. convert the inactive lipase into the active form. c. emulsify the triacylglycerol globules to produce greater surface area which will increase the activity of the lipase. d. activate the cleavage at the C-2 position. e. permit greater permeability of the triacylglycerols through the intestinal membrane.
Adi S.
During digestion, triacylglycerols are converted by lipases to _____ and _____. a. glycerol; free fatty acids c. diacylglycerols; free fatty acids b. monoacylglycerols; free fatty acids d. chylomicrons; micelles. Hydrolysis of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue is triggered by hormones that stimulate _____ production within adipose cells that stimulate lipases in these cells. a. ATP c. NADH b. cyclic AMP (cAMP) d. fatty acid. What is the fate of the glycerol that is produced during mobilization of triacylglycerols in adipose cells? a. It enters the bloodstream and is transported to joints where it functions as a lubricant. b. It is converted to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, which is an intermediate in gluconeogenesis. c. It is converted by a two-step process to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which is an intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. d. Both (b) and (c). What is the first step in the oxidation of a fatty acid? a. It is activated by bonding to coenzyme A. b. It is transported into the mitochondrial matrix. c. It is oxidized to acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. d. It undergoes dehydrogenation. What is the net ATP production for stearic acid? a. 136 c. 146 b. 106 d. 126. When the lipid-carbohydrate metabolism is upset by certain body conditions, more acetyl CoA is produced that can be used in the citric acid cycle. This results in the production of _____ by a process known as _____. a. glucose; gluconeogenesis c. glycogen; glycogenesis b. ketone bodies; ketogenesis d. carbon dioxide; decarboxylation. Lipogenesis occurs in the cell _____, where all intermediates are bound to _____, resulting in a fatty acid biosynthetic pathway where the fatty acid chain increases in length by _____ carbons per pathway cycle. a. mitochondria; CoA-SH; 4 c. mitochondria; CoA-SH; 2 b. cytosol; ACP-SH; 4 d. cytosol; ACP-SH; 2.
Josee P.
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