Which of the following statements concerning protein synthesis is NOT true? Question 21 options: A) proteins are assembled with the help of ribosomes B) tRNAs carry amino acids to the ribosome-mRNA complex C) ribosomes attach to the mRNA D) the mRNA contains the anticodons E) a part of the information on the DNA is transcribed into mRNA Question 22 (1 point) Except for the T-U exchange, the tRNA anticodon is identical to Question 22 options: A) template strand B) coding strand C) mRNA D) amino acid it carries E) A-site in the ribosome Question 23 (1 point) Which of the following statements is true? Question 23 options: A) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA have the same number of nucleotides B) Prokarytoic genes have introns C) In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the primary transcript needs to be modified for the mRNA to be functionable D) Only in eukaryotes is the primary transcript modified in a process called splicing. E) Capping and tailing does not occur in eukaryotes F) Both c) and e) are correct Question 24 (1 point) Which of the following mutations is potentially the most harmful? Question 24 options: A) base-pair substitution at the end B) a frameshift mutation at the beginning C) a frameshift mutation at the end D) a) and c) are always equally harmful Question 25 (1 point) During translation, chain elongation continues until what happens? Question 25 options: A) no further amino acids are needed by the cell B) all tRNAs are empty C) the polypeptide is long enough D) chain termination codons are read E) ribosomes run off the end of mRNA Question 26 (1 point) Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds Question 26 options: True False Question 27 (1 point) Single stranded binding proteins assist transcription Question 27 options: True False Question 28 (1 point) A replication fork is formed in transcription Question 28 options: True False Question 29 (1 point) Transcription factors assist RNA polymerase bind to the DNA Question 29 options: True False Question 30 (1 point) Capping and tailing are done before translation Question 30 options: True False
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Question 21: A) True - Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that assembles proteins. B) True - tRNAs carry specific amino acids to the ribosome-mRNA complex. C) True - Ribosomes attach to the mRNA to initiate protein synthesis. D) False - mRNA contains codons, Show moreā¦
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QUESTION 1: Which of the following statements regarding splicing is FALSE? A) The length of introns determines the efficiency of splicing. B) Many human neurological disorders are caused by splicing errors and/or mutations in splicing factors. C) Splicing requires the action of a variety of snRNAs that direct the transesterification reactions. D) Splicing is dictated by sequence features in pre-mRNA transcripts. QUESTION 2: Which of the following mRNA processing factors does NOT associate with the CTD of RNA polymerase II? A) splicing factors B) polyadenylation factors C) miRNAs/siRNAs D) capping proteins QUESTION 3: Which of the following statements about mRNA stability is FALSE? A) Deadenylation-independent mRNA decay is exclusively in the 5' to 3' direction. B) The most common pathway of mRNA decay is deadenylation-dependent. C) Yeast mRNA decay occurs primarily in the 5' to 3' direction, while 3' to 5' decay is more common in mammalian cells. D) Decapping enzymes are required for all pathways of mRNA decay. QUESTION 4: You obtain the sequence of a gene containing 10 exons, 9 introns, and a 3' UTR containing a polyadenylation consensus sequence. The fifth exon also contains a polyadenylation site. To test whether both polyadenylation sites are used, you isolate mRNA and find a longer transcript from muscle tissue and a shorter transcript from all other tissues. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism underlying these alternative transcripts? A) The fifth exon is spliced out of the mature mRNA transcript in muscle cells. B) Muscle cells have less effective polyadenylation than other tissues. C) An alternative CPSF protein is expressed in muscle cells with lower affinity for the polyadenylation sequence in exon 5. D) The mRNA in muscle cells is edited to eliminate the polyadenylation sequence in exon 5.
Sri K.
1) Which of the following is NOT true of transcription / translation processes in both bacteria and eukaryotes? a. Protein is encoded by the "genetic code", with amino acids specified by codons ("words" made of 3 bases). b. Translation of a polypeptide can occur before transcription of the mRNA is finished. c. RNA polymerase reads the template DNA strand to produce the complementary mRNA transcript. d. Polypeptide chains are formed by linking amino acids according to the sequence encoded by the mRNA associated with a ribosome. 2) Repressors inhibit prokaryotic transcription by a. Binding to the promoter/operator region in front of an operon inhibiting the expression of a few genes b. Binding to the promoter/operator region in front of an operon inhibiting the expression of one gene c. Binding to the spliceosome to prevent snRNP activity. d. Binding to the RBS region of the mRNA transcript 3) RNA can be used to regulate translation in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. How is this achieved? a. Small RNA fragments can bind to mRNA and block ribosome movement along the transcript b. RNA fragments can bind to genes on DNA that encode ribosomal proteins and block their synthesis by interfering with RNA polymerase. c. Small RNA fragments can bind to the ribosome causing degradation of the ribosome. d. RNA primers are needed to initiate the polymerization of mRNA so if those primers were not available mRNA would not be made and so would not be available for translation 4) In the genetic code, the codon 5' GAU 3' encodes _________. a. Aspartic acid. b. Terminator (stop codon). c. Methionine (initiator codon). d. Serine. e. Asparagine. 5) Which is/are true about the enzymatic activity that creates peptide bonds during polypeptide polymerization? Pick all that apply. Marks will be deducted for incorrect choices a. Ribosome subunits would be found only in the cytoplasm and would not be found in the nucleus. b. rRNA is responsible for the movement of protons and electrons and so is a type of ribozyme c. Polypeptides are constructed on ribosomes in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes which lack organelles. d. The proteins in the ribosome are responsible for the movement of protons and electrons needed for peptide bond formation e. The enzyme used to make polypeptides works within the nucleus although it itself is made in the cytoplasm
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