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Physics

John D. Cutnell, Kenneth W. Johnson, David Young, Shane Stadler

Chapter 9

Rotational Dynamics - all with Video Answers

Educators

+ 2 more educators

Chapter Questions

01:08

Problem 1

The wheel of a car has a radius of $0.350 \mathrm{m}$. The engine of the car applies a torque of $295 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ to this wheel, which does not slip against the road surface. since the wheel does not slip, the road must be applying a force of static friction to the wheel that produces a countertorque. Moreover, the car has a constant velocity, so this countertorque balances the applied torque. What is the magnitude of the static frictional force?

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:05

Problem 2

The steering wheel of a car has a radius of 0.19 $\mathrm{m},$ and the steering wheel of a truck has a radius of $0.25 \mathrm{m}$. The same force is applied in the same direction to each steering wheel. What is the ratio of the torque produced by this force in the truck to the torque produced in the car?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
00:48

Problem 3

You are installing a new spark plug in your car, and the manual specifies that it be tightened to a torque that has a magnitude of $45 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. Using the data in the drawing, determine the magnitude $F$ of the force that you must exert on the wrench.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:35

Problem 4

Two children hang by their hands from the same tree branch. The branch is straight, and grows out from the tree trunk at an angle of $27.0^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. One child, with a mass of $44.0 \mathrm{kg},$ is hanging $1.30 \mathrm{m}$ along the branch from the tree trunk. The other child, with a mass of $35.0 \mathrm{kg}$, is hanging $2.10 \mathrm{m}$ from the tree trunk. What is the magnitude of the net torque exerted on the branch by the children? Assume that the axis is located where the branch joins the tree trunk and is perpendicular to the plane formed by the branch and the trunk.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
03:42

Problem 5

The drawing shows a jet engine suspended beneath the wing of an airplane. The weight $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{W}}$ of the engine is $10200 \mathrm{N}$ and acts as shown in the drawing. In flight the engine produces a thrust $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T}}$ of $62300 \mathrm{N}$ that is parallel to the ground. The rotational axis in the drawing is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. With respect to this axis, find the magnitude of the torque due to (a) the weight and (b) the thrust.

Vishal Gupta
Vishal Gupta
Numerade Educator
01:56

Problem 6

A square, $0.40 \mathrm{m}$ on a side, is mounted so that it can rotate about an axis that passes through the center of the square. The axis is perpendicular to the plane of the square. A force of $15 \mathrm{N}$ lies in this plane and is applied to the square. What is the magnitude of the maximum torque that such a force could produce?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:38

Problem 7

A pair of forces with equal magnitudes, opposite directions, and different lines of action is called a "couple." When a couple acts on a rigid object, the couple produces a torque that does not depend on the location of the axis. The drawing shows a couple acting on a tire wrench, each force being perpendicular to the wrench. Determine an expression for the torque produced by the couple when the axis is perpendicular to the tire and passes through (a) point $A,$ (b) point $B$, and (c) point $C .$ Express your answers in terms of the magnitude $F$ of the force and the length $L$ of the wrench.

Sheh Lit Chang
Sheh Lit Chang
University of Washington
02:51

Problem 8

One end of a meter stick is pinned to a table, so the stick can rotate freely in a plane parallel to the tabletop. Two forces, both parallel to the tabletop, are applied to the stick in such a way that the net torque is zero. The first force has a magnitude of $2.00 \mathrm{N}$ and is applied perpendicular to the length of the stick at the free end. The second force has a magnitude of $6.00 \mathrm{N}$ and acts at a $30.0^{\circ}$ angle with respect to the length of the stick. Where along the stick is the $6.00-\mathrm{N}$ force applied? Express this distance with respect to the end of the stick that is pinned.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:13

Problem 9

A rod is lying on the top of a table. One end of the rod is hinged to the table so that the rod can rotate freely on the tabletop. Two forces, both parallel to the tabletop, act on the rod at the same place. One force is directed perpendicular to the rod and has a magnitude of $38.0 \mathrm{N}$. The second force has a magnitude of $55.0 \mathrm{N}$ and is directed at an angle $\theta$ with respect to the rod. If the sum of the torques due to the two forces is zero, what must be the angle $\theta ?$

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
04:20

Problem 10

A rotational axis is directed perpendicular to the plane of a square and is located as shown in the drawing. Two forces, $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}_{1}$ and $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}_{2},$ are applied to diagonally opposite corners, and act along the sides of the square, first as shown in part $a$ and then as shown in part $b$ of the drawing. In each case the net torque produced by the forces is zero. The square is one meter on a side, and the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}_{2}$ is three times that of $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}_{1}$. Find the distances $a$ and $b$ that locate the axis.

Vishal Gupta
Vishal Gupta
Numerade Educator
01:11

Problem 11

A person is standing on a level floor. His head, upper torso, arms, and hands together weigh $438 \mathrm{N}$ and have a center of gravity that is $1.28 \mathrm{m}$ above the floor. His upper legs weigh $144 \mathrm{N}$ and have a center of gravity that is $0.760 \mathrm{m}$ above the floor. Finally, his lower legs and feet together weigh $87 \mathrm{N}$ and have a center of gravity that is $0.250 \mathrm{m}$ above the floor. Relative to the floor, find the location of the center of gravity for his entire body.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:56

Problem 12

The drawing shows a person (weight, $W=584 \mathrm{N}$ ) doing push-ups. Find the normal force exerted by the floor on each hand and each foot, assuming that the person holds this position.

Supratim Pal
Supratim Pal
Numerade Educator
02:46

Problem 13

A hiker, who weighs $985 \mathrm{N}$, is strolling through the woods and crosses a small horizontal bridge. The bridge is uniform, weighs $3610 \mathrm{N}$, and rests on two concrete supports, one at each end. He stops one-fifth of the way along the bridge. What is the magnitude of the force that a concrete support exerts on the bridge (a) at the near end and (b) at the far end?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:34

Problem 14

Conceptual Example 7 provides useful background for this problem. Workers have loaded a delivery truck in such a way that its center of gravity is only slightly forward of the rear axle, as shown in the drawing. The mass of the truck and its contents is $7460 \mathrm{kg} .$ Find the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the ground on (a) the front wheels and (b) the rear wheels of the truck.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
00:36

Problem 15

A person exerts a horizontal force of $190 \mathrm{N}$ in the test apparatus shown in the drawing. Find the horizontal force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ (magnitude and direction) that his flexor muscle exerts on his forearm.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:15

Problem 16

The drawing shows a rectangular piece of wood. The forces applied to corners $\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ have the same magnitude of $12 \mathrm{N}$ and are directed parallel to the long and short sides of the rectangle. The long side of the rectangle is twice as long as the short side. An axis of rotation is shown perpendicular to the plane of the rectangle at its center. A third force (not shown in the drawing) is applied to corner A, directed along the short side of the rectangle (either toward $\mathrm{B}$ or away from $\mathrm{B}$ ), such that the piece of wood is at equilibrium. Find the magnitude and direction of the force applied to corner A.

Dominador Tan
Dominador Tan
Numerade Educator
01:17

Problem 17

Available in WileyPLUS.

Averell Hause
Averell Hause
Carnegie Mellon University
01:16

Problem 18

The wheels, axle, and handles of a wheelbarrow weigh $60.0 \mathrm{N}$. The load chamber and its contents weigh 525 N. The drawing shows these two forces in two different wheelbarrow designs. To support the wheelbarrow in equilibrium, the man's hands apply a force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}$ to the handles that is directed vertically upward. Consider a rotational axis at the point where the tire contacts the ground, directed perpendicular to the plane of the paper. Find the magnitude of the man's force for both designs.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:41

Problem 19

Review Conceptual Example 7 as background material for this problem. A jet transport has a weight of $1.00 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{N}$ and is at rest on the runway. The two rear wheels are $15.0 \mathrm{m}$ behind the front wheel, and the plane's center of gravity is $12.6 \mathrm{m}$ behind the front wheel. Determine the normal force exerted by the ground on (a) the front wheel and on (b) each of the two rear wheels.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:15

Problem 20

Available in WileyPLUS.

Averell Hause
Averell Hause
Carnegie Mellon University
02:03

Problem 21

The drawing shows a uniform horizontal beam attached to a vertical wall by a frictionless hing and supported from below at an angle $\theta=39^{\circ}$ by a brac that is attached to a pin. The beam has a weight of 34
N. Three additional forces keep the beam in equilibrium The brace applies a force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P}}$ to the right end of the beam that is directed upward at the angle $\theta$ with respect to the horizontal. The hinge applies a force to the left end of the beam that has a horizontal component $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{H}}$ and a vertical component $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{V}}$. Find the magnitudes of these three forces.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
03:48

Problem 22

A man holds a 178 -N ball in his hand, with the forearm horizontal (see the drawing), He can support the ball in this position because of the flexor muscle force $\mathbf{M}$, which is applied perpendicular to the forearm. The forearm weighs $22.0 \mathrm{N}$ and has a center of gravity as indicated. Find (a) the magnitude of $\mathbf{M}$ and (b) the magnitude and direction of the force applied by the upper arm bone to the forearm at the elbow joint.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:39

Problem 23

A uniform board is leaning against a smooth vertical wall. The board is at an angle $\theta$ above the horizontal ground. The coefficient of static friction between the ground and the lower end of the board is $0.650 .$ Find the smallest value for the angle $\theta$, such that the lower end of the board does not slide along the ground.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:04

Problem 24

The drawing shows a bicycle wheel resting against a small step whose height is $h=0.120 \mathrm{m}$. The weight and radius of the wheel are $W=25.0 \mathrm{N}$ and $r=0.340 \mathrm{m},$ respectively. A horizontal force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}$ is applied to the axle of the wheel. As the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}$ increases, there comes a time when the wheel just begins to rise up and loses contact with the ground. What is the magnitude of the force when this happens?

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
04:01

Problem 25

A $1220-\mathrm{N}$ uniform beam is attached to a vertical wall at one end and is supported by a cable at the other end. A $1960-\mathrm{N}$ crate hangs from the far end of the beam. Using the data shown in the drawing, find (a) the magnitude of the tension in the wire and (b) the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical components of the force that the wall exerts on the left end of the beam.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
00:36

Problem 26

A person is sitting with one leg outstretched and stationary, so that it makes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the horizontal, as the drawing indicates. The weight of the leg below the knee is $44.5 \mathrm{N},$ with the center of gravity located below the knee joint. The leg is being held in this position because of the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ applied by the quadriceps muscle, which is attached $0.100 \mathrm{m}$ below the knee joint (see the drawing). Obtain the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
04:10

Problem 27

A wrecking ball (weight $=4800 \mathrm{N}$ ) is supported by a boom, which may be assumed to be uniform and has a weight of $3600 \mathrm{N}$. As the drawing shows, a support cable runs from the top of the boom to the tractor. The angle between the support cable and the horizontal is $32^{\circ},$ and the angle between the boom and the horizontal is $48^{\circ} .$ Find (a) the tension in the support cable and (b) the magnitude of the force exerted on the lower end of the boom by the hinge at point $P$

Dading Chen
Dading Chen
Numerade Educator
01:16

Problem 28

A man drags a 72 -kg crate across the floor at a constant velocity by pulling on a strap attached to the bottom of the crate. The crate is tilted $25^{\circ}$ above the horizontal, and the strap is inclined $61^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. The center of gravity of the crate coincides with its geometrical center, as indicated in the drawing. Find the magnitude of the tension in the strap.

Dominador Tan
Dominador Tan
Numerade Educator
04:15

Problem 29

Available in WileyPLUS.

Averell Hause
Averell Hause
Carnegie Mellon University
03:05

Problem 30

The drawing shows an A-shaped stepladder. Both sides of the ladder are equal in length. This ladder is standing on a frictionless horizontal surface, and only the crossbar (which has a negligible mass) of the "A" keeps the ladder from collapsing. The ladder is uniform and has a mass of $20.0 \mathrm{kg}$. Determine the tension in the crossbar of the ladder.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:49

Problem 31

Consult Multiple-Concept Example 10 to review an approach to problems such as this. A CD has a mass of $17 \mathrm{g}$ and a radius of $6.0 \mathrm{cm} .$ When inserted into a player, the CD starts from rest and accelerates to an angular velocity of $21 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ in $0.80 \mathrm{s}$. Assuming the $\mathrm{CD}$ is a uniform solid disk, determine the net torque acting on it.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 32

A clay vase on a potter's wheel experiences an angular acceleration of $8.00 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$ due to the application of a $10.0-\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ net torque. Find the total moment of inertia of the vase and potter's wheel.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
View

Problem 33

A solid circular disk has a mass of $1.2 \mathrm{kg}$ and a radius of $0.16 \mathrm{m} .$ Each of three identical thin rods has a mass of $0.15 \mathrm{kg}$. The rods are attached perpendicularly to the plane of the disk at its outer edge to form a three-legged stool (see the drawing). Find the moment of inertia of the stool with respect to an axis that is perpendicular to the plane of the disk at its center. (Hint:
When considering the moment of inertia of each rod, note that all of the mass of each rod is located at the same perpendicular distance from the axis.)

João Gabriel Alencar Caribé
João Gabriel Alencar Caribé
Numerade Educator
00:38

Problem 34

A ceiling fan is turned on and a net torque of $1.8 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ is applied to the blades. The blades have a total moment of inertia of $0.22 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} .$ What is the angular acceleration of the blades?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
03:48

Problem 35

Multiple-Concept Example 10 provides one model for solving this type of problem. Two wheels have the same mass and radius of $4.0 \mathrm{kg}$ and $0.35 \mathrm{m}$, respectively. One has the shape of a hoop and the other the shape of a solid disk. The wheels start from rest and have a constant angular acceleration with respect to a rotational axis that is perpendicular to the plane of the wheel at its center. Each turns through an angle of 13 rad in 8.0 s. Find the net external torque that acts on each wheel.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:40

Problem 36

A 9.75-m ladder with a mass of $23.2 \mathrm{kg}$ lies flat on the ground. A painter grabs the top end of the ladder and pulls straight upward with a force of $245 \mathrm{N}$. At the instant the top of the ladder leaves the ground, the ladder experiences an angular acceleration of $1.80 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$ about an axis passing through the bottom end of the ladder. The ladder's center of gravity lies halfway between the top and bottom ends. (a) What is the net torque acting on the ladder?
(b) What is the ladder's moment of inertia?

Dading Chen
Dading Chen
Numerade Educator
02:50

Problem 37

Multiple-Concept Example 10 offers useful background for problems like this. A cylinder is rotating about an axis that passes through the center of each circular end piece. The cylinder has a radius of $0.0830 \mathrm{m}$, an angular speed of $76.0 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s},$ and a moment of inertia of $0.615 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} . \mathrm{A}$ brake shoe presses against the surface of the cylinder and applies a tangential frictional force to it. The frictional force reduces the angular speed of the cylinder by a factor of two during a time of 6.40 s. (a) Find the magnitude of the angular deceleration of the cylinder.
(b) Find the magnitude of the force of friction applied by the brake shoe.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:24

Problem 38

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
02:04

Problem 39

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
02:37

Problem 40

Multiple-Concept Example 10 reviews the approach and some of the concepts that are pertinent to this problem. The drawing shows a model for the motion of the human forearm in throwing a dart. Because of the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ applied by the triceps muscle, the forearm can rotate about an axis at the elbow joint. Assume that the forearm has the dimensions shown in the drawing and a moment of inertia of $0.065 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}$ (including the effect of the dart) relative to the axis at the elbow. Assume also that the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ acts perpendicular to the forearm. Ignoring the effect of gravity and any frictional forces, determine the magnitude of the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ needed to give the dart a tangential speed of $5.0 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}$ in $0.10 \mathrm{s},$ starting from rest.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
03:40

Problem 41

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
02:47

Problem 42

A 15.0 -m length of hose is wound around a reel, which is initially at rest. The moment of inertia of the reel is $0.44 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2},$ and its radius is $0.160 \mathrm{m} .$ When the reel is turning, friction at the axle exerts a torque of magnitude $3.40 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ on the reel. If the hose is pulled so that the tension in it remains a constant $25.0 \mathrm{N},$ how long does it take to completely unwind the hose from the reel? Neglect the mass and thickness of the hose on the reel, and assume that the hose unwinds without slipping.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
10:54

Problem 43

The drawing shows two identical systems of objects; each consists of the same three small balls connected by massless rods. In both systems the axis is perpendicular to the page, but it is located at a different place, as shown. The same force of magnitude $F$ is applied to the same ball in each system (see the drawing). The masses of the balls are $m_{1}=9.00 \mathrm{kg}, m_{2}=6.00 \mathrm{kg}$, and $m_{3}=7.00 \mathrm{kg} .$ The magnitude of the force is $F=424 \mathrm{N}$. (a) For each of the two systems, determine the moment of inertia about the given axis of rotation. (b) Calculate the torque (magnitude and direction) acting on each system. (c) Both systems start from rest, and the direction of the force moves with the system and always points along the $4.00-\mathrm{m}$ rod. What is the angular velocity of each system after $5.00 \mathrm{s} ?$

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
04:25

Problem 44

The drawing shows the top view of two doors. The doors are uniform and identical. Door A rotates about an axis through its left edge, and door $\mathrm{B}$ rotates about an axis through its center. The same force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{F}}$ is applied perpendicular to each door at its right edge, and the force remains perpendicular as the door turns. No other force affects the rotation of either door. Starting from rest, door A rotates through a certain angle in 3.00 s. How long does it take door B (also starting from rest) to rotate through the same angle?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:00

Problem 45

A stationary bicycle is raised off the ground, and its front wheel $(m=1.3 \mathrm{kg})$ is rotating at an angular velocity of $13.1 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ (see the drawing).
The front brake is then applied for $3.0 \mathrm{s},$ and the wheel slows down to $3.7 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s} .$ Assume that all the mass of the wheel is concentrated in the rim, the radius of which is $0.33 \mathrm{m} .$ The coefficient of kinetic friction between each brake pad and the rim is $\mu_{\mathrm{k}}=0.85 .$ What is the magnitude of the normal force that each brake pad applies to the rim?

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:00

Problem 46

The parallel axis theorem provides a useful way to calculate the moment of inertia $I$ about an arbitrary axis. The theorem states that $I=I_{\mathrm{cm}}+$ $M h^{2},$ where $I_{\mathrm{cm}}$ is the moment of inertia of the object relative to an axis that passes through the center of mass and is parallel to the axis of interest, $M$ is the total mass of the object, and $h$ is the perpendicular distance between the two axes. Use this theorem and information to determine an expression for the moment of inertia of a solid cylinder of radius $R$ relative to an axis that lies on the surface of the cylinder and is perpendicular to the circular ends.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:51

Problem 47

The crane shown in the drawing is lifting a $180-\mathrm{kg}$ crate upward with an acceleration of $1.2 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}^{2} .$ The cable from the crate passes over a solid cylindrical pulley at the top of the boom. The pulley has a mass of $130 \mathrm{kg} .$ The cable is then wound onto a hollow cylindrical drum that is mounted on the deck of the crane. The mass of the drum is $150 \mathrm{kg},$ and its radius is $0.76 \mathrm{m} .$ The engine applies a counterclockwise torque to the drum in order to wind up the cable. What is the magnitude of this torque? Ignore the mass of the cable.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:38

Problem 48

Calculate the kinetic energy that the earth has because of (a) its rotation about its own axis and (b) its motion around the sun. Assume that the earth is a uniform sphere and that its path around the sun is circular. For comparison, the total energy used in the United States in one year is about $1.1 \times 10^{20} \mathrm{J}$

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
03:55

Problem 49

Three objects lie in the $x, y$ plane. Each rotates about the $z$ axis with an angular speed of $6.00 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. The mass $m$ of each object and its perpendicular distance $r$ from the $z$ axis are as follows: (1) $m_{1}=6.00 \mathrm{kg}$ and $r_{1}=$ $2.00 \mathrm{m},(2) m_{2}=4.00 \mathrm{kg}$ and $r_{2}=1.50 \mathrm{m},(3) m_{3}=3.00 \mathrm{kg}$ and $r_{3}=3.00 \mathrm{m}$ (a) Find the tangential speed of each object. (b) Determine the total kinetic energy of this system using the expression $\mathrm{KE}=\frac{1}{2} m_{1} v_{1}^{2}+\frac{1}{2} m_{2} v_{2}^{2}+\frac{1}{2} m_{3} v_{3}^{2}$ (c) Obtain the moment of inertia of the system. (d) Find the rotational kinetic energy of the system using the relation $\mathrm{KE}_{\mathrm{R}}=\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{I} \omega^{2}$ to verify that the answer is the same as the answer to (b).

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:18

Problem 50

Two thin rods of length $L$ are rotating with the same angular speed $\omega$ (in $\mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ ) about axes that pass perpendicularly through one end. Rod $\mathrm{A}$ is massless but has a particle of mass $0.66 \mathrm{kg}$ attached to its free end. Rod B has a mass of 0.66 kg, which is distributed uniformly along its length. The length of each rod is $0.75 \mathrm{m},$ and the angular speed is $4.2 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. Find the kinetic energies of rod $A$ with its attached particle and of rod $B$.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
01:39

Problem 51

A flywheel is a solid disk that rotates about an axis that is perpendicular to the disk at its center. Rotating flywheels provide a means for storing energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy and are being considered as a possible alternative to batteries in electric cars. The gasoline burned in a 300 -mile trip in a typical midsize car produces about $1.2 \times 10^{9} \mathrm{J}$ of energy. How fast would a $13-\mathrm{kg}$ flywheel with a radius of $0.30 \mathrm{m}$ have to rotate to store this much energy? Give your answer in rev/min.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:36

Problem 52

A helicopter has two blades (see Figure 8.11 ); each blade has a mass of $240 \mathrm{kg}$ and can be approximated as a thin rod of length $6.7 \mathrm{m} .$ The blades are rotating at an angular speed of $44 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. (a) What is the total moment of inertia of the two blades about the axis of rotation?
(b) Determine the rotational kinetic energy of the spinning blades.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:15

Problem 53

A solid sphere is rolling on a surface. What fraction of its total kinetic energy is in the form of rotational kinetic energy about the center of mass?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:57

Problem 54

Review Example 12 before attempting this problem. A marble and a cube are placed at the top of a ramp. Starting from rest at the same height, the marble rolls without slipping and the cube slides (no kinetic friction) down the ramp. Determine the ratio of the center-of-mass speed of the cube to the center-of-mass speed of the marble at the bottom of the ramp.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
03:22

Problem 55

Starting from rest, a basketball rolls from the top of a hill to the bottom, reaching a translational speed of $6.6 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s} .$ Ignore frictional losses.
(a) What is the height of the hill?
(b) Released from rest at the same height, a can of frozen juice rolls to the bottom of the same hill. What is the translational speed of the frozen juice can when it reaches the bottom?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:57

Problem 56

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
03:12

Problem 57

A bowling ball encounters a $0.760-\mathrm{m}$ vertical rise on the way back to the ball rack, as the drawing illustrates. Ignore frictional losses and assume that the mass of the ball is distributed uniformly. The translational speed of the ball is $3.50 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}$ at the bottom of the rise. Find the translational speed at the top.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
03:28

Problem 58

A tennis ball, starting from rest, rolls down the hill in the drawing. At the end of the hill the ball becomes airborne, leaving at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ with respect to the ground. Treat the ball as a thin-walled spherical shell, and determine the range $x$

Dading Chen
Dading Chen
Numerade Educator
02:43

Problem 59

Two disks are rotating about the same axis. Disk A has a moment of inertia of $3.4 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}$ and an angular velocity of $+7.2 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s} .$ Disk $\mathrm{B}$ is rotating with an angular velocity of $-9.8 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s} .$ The two disks are then linked together without the aid of any external torques, so that they rotate as a single unit with an angular velocity of -2.4 rad/s. The axis of rotation for this unit is the same as that for the separate disks. What is the moment of inertia of disk B?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:02

Problem 60

When some stars use up their fuel, they undergo a catastrophic explosion called a supernova. This explosion blows much or all of the star's mass outward, in the form of a rapidly expanding spherical shell. As a simple model of the supernova process, assume that the star is a solid sphere of radius $R$ that is initially rotating at 2.0 revolutions per day. After the star explodes, find the angular velocity, in revolutions per day, of the expanding supernova shell when its radius is $4.0 R$. Assume that all of the star's original mass is contained in the shell.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:51

Problem 61

Conceptual Example 13 provides useful background for this problem. A playground carousel is free to rotate about its center on frictionless bearings, and air resistance is negligible. The carousel itself (without riders) has a moment of inertia of $125 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} .$ When one person is standing on the carousel at a distance of $1.50 \mathrm{m}$ from the center, the carousel has an angular velocity of $0.600 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s} .$ However, as this person moves inward to a point located $0.750 \mathrm{m}$ from the center, the angular velocity increases to $0.800 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s} .$ What is the person's mass?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:34

Problem 62

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
01:42

Problem 63

A thin rod has a length of $0.25 \mathrm{m}$ and rotates in a circle on a frictionless tabletop. The axis is perpendicular to the length of the rod at one of its ends. The rod has an angular velocity of $0.32 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ and a moment of inertia of $1.1 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} .$ A bug standing on the axis decides to crawl out to the other end of the rod. When the bug (mass $=4.2 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{kg}$ ) gets where it's going, what is the angular velocity of the rod?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:53

Problem 64

As seen from above, a playground carousel is rotating counter-clockwise about its center on frictionless bearings. A person standing still on the ground grabs onto one of the bars on the carousel very close to its outer edge and climbs aboard. Thus, this person begins with an angular speed of zero and ends up with a nonzero angular speed, which means that he underwent a counterclockwise angular acceleration. The carousel has a radius of $1.50 \mathrm{m},$ an initial angular speed of $3.14 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s},$ and a moment of inertia of $125 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} .$ The mass of the person is $40.0 \mathrm{kg} .$ Find the final angular speed of the carousel after the person climbs aboard.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:43

Problem 65

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
06:51

Problem 66

A thin, uniform rod is hinged at its midpoint. To begin with, one-half of the rod is bent upward and is perpendicular to the other half. This bent object is rotating at an angular velocity of $9.0 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ about an axis that is perpendicular to the left end of the rod and parallel to the rod's upward half (see the drawing). Without the aid of external torques, the rod suddenly assumes its straight shape. What is the angular velocity of the straight rod?

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
04:08

Problem 67

A small 0.500-kg object moves on a frictionless horizontal table in a circular path of radius $1.00 \mathrm{m}$. The angular speed is $6.28 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. The object is attached to a string of negligible mass that passes through a small hole in the table at the center of the circle. Someone under the table begins to pull the string downward to make the circle smaller. If the string will tolerate a tension of no more than $105 \mathrm{N}$, what is the radius of the smallest possible circle on which the object can move?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:20

Problem 68

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
01:18

Problem 69

The drawing shows a lower leg being exercised. It has a $49-\mathrm{N}$ weight attached to the foot and is extended at an angle $\theta$ with respect to the vertical. Consider a rotational axis at the knee.
(a) When $\theta=90.0^{\circ}$, find the magnitude of the torque that the weight creates. (b) At what angle $\theta$ does the magnitude of the torque equal $15 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m} ?$

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:20

Problem 70

A solid disk rotates in the horizontal plane at an angular velocity of $0.067 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ with respect to an axis perpendicular to the disk at its center. The moment of inertia of the disk is $0.10 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}$. From above, sand is dropped straight down onto this rotating disk, so that a thin uniform ring of sand is formed at a distance of $0.40 \mathrm{m}$ from the axis. The sand in the ring has a mass of $0.50 \mathrm{kg} .$ After all the sand is in place, what is the angular velocity of the disk?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
00:56

Problem 71

A solid cylindrical disk has a radius of $0.15 \mathrm{m}$. It is mounted to an axle that is perpendicular to the circular end of the disk at its center. When a $45-N$ force is applied tangentially to the disk, perpendicular to the radius, the disk acquires an angular acceleration of $120 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}^{2} .$ What is the mass of the disk?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:32

Problem 72

Review Conceptual Example 7 before starting this problem. A uniform plank of length $5.0 \mathrm{m}$ and weight $225 \mathrm{N}$ rests horizontally on two supports, with $1.1 \mathrm{m}$ of the plank hanging over the right support (see the drawing). To what distance $x$ can a person who weighs $450 \mathrm{N}$ walk on the overhanging part of the plank before it just begins to tip?

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:15

Problem 73

A rotating door is made from four rectangular sections, as indicated in the drawing. The mass of each section is $85 \mathrm{kg} .$ A person pushes on the outer edge of one section with a force of $F=68 \mathrm{N}$ that is directed perpendicular to the section. Determine the magnitude of the door's angular acceleration.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
04:44

Problem 74

A block (mass $=2.0 \mathrm{kg}$ ) is hanging from a massless cord that is wrapped around a pulley (moment of inertia $=1.1 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}$ ), as the drawing shows. Initially the pulley is prevented from rotating and the block is stationary. Then, the pulley is allowed to rotate as the block falls. The cord does not slip relative to the pulley as the block falls. Assume that the radius of the cord around the pulley remains constant at a value of $0.040 \mathrm{m}$ during the block's descent. Find the angular acceleration of the pulley and the tension in the cord.

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
01:45

Problem 75

The drawing shows an outstretched arm $(0.61 \mathrm{m}$ in length) that is parallel to the floor. The arm is pulling downward against the ring attached to the pulley system, in order to hold the $98-N$ weight stationary. To pull the arm downward, the latissimus dorsi muscle applies the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$ in the drawing, at a point that is $0.069 \mathrm{m}$ from the shoulder joint and oriented at an angle of $29^{\circ} .$ The arm has a weight of $47 \mathrm{N}$ and a center of gravity (cg) that is located 0.28 $\mathrm{m}$ from the shoulder joint. Find the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{M}}$

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
01:19

Problem 76

A thin, rigid, uniform rod has a mass of $2.00 \mathrm{kg}$ and a length of $2.00 \mathrm{m} .$ (a) Find the moment of inertia of the rod relative to an axis that is perpendicular to the rod at one end. (b) Suppose all the mass of the rod were located at a single point. Determine the perpendicular distance of this point from the axis in part (a), such that this point particle has the same moment of inertia as the rod does. This distance is called the radius of gyration of the rod.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
04:26

Problem 77

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
03:38

Problem 78

Two identical wheels are moving on horizontal surfaces. The center of mass of each has the same linear speed. However, one wheel is rolling, while the other is sliding on a frictionless surface without rolling. Each wheel then encounters an incline plane. One continues to roll up the incline, while the other continues to slide up. Eventually they come to a momentary halt, because the gravitational force slows them down. Each wheel is a disk of mass $2.0 \mathrm{kg} .$ On the horizontal surfaces the center of mass of each wheel moves with a linear speed of $6.0 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}$. (a) What is the total kinetic energy of each wheel? (b) Determine the maximum height reached by each wheel as it moves up the incline.

Mike Gaerlan
Mike Gaerlan
Numerade Educator
02:50

Problem 79

Available in WileyPLUS.

Manish Jain
Manish Jain
Numerade Educator
02:01

Problem 80

By means of a rope whose mass is negligible, two blocks are suspended over a pulley, as the drawing shows. The pulley can be treated as a uniform solid cylindrical disk. The downward acceleration of the $44.0-\mathrm{kg}$ block is observed to be exactly one-half the acceleration due to gravity. Noting that the tension in the rope is not the same on each side of the pulley, find the mass of the pulley.

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
06:04

Problem 81

A crate of mass $451 \mathrm{kg}$ is being lifted by the mechanism shown in part $a$ of the figure. The two cables are wrapped around their respective pulleys, which have radii of 0.600 and $0.200 \mathrm{m}$. The pulleys are fastened together to form a dual pulley and turn as a single unit about the center axle, relative to which the combined moment of inertia is $46.0 \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}$ The cables roll on the dual pulley without slipping. A tension of magnitude $2150 \mathrm{N}$ is maintained in the cable attached to the motor. Find the angular acceleration of the dual pulley and the tension in the cable attached to the crate.

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
04:13

Problem 82

The figure shows a uniform crate resting on a horizontal surface. The crate has a square cross section and a weight of $W=580 \mathrm{N},$ which is uniformly distributed. At the bottom right edge of the surface is a small obstruction that prevents the crate from sliding when a horizontal pushing force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P}}$ is applied to the left side. However, if this force is great enough, the crate will begin to tip and rotate over the obstruction. Concepts: (i) What causes the tipping $-$ the force $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P}}$ or the torque that it creates? (ii) Where should $\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P}}$ be applied so that a minimum force will be necessary to provide the necessary torque? In other words, should the lever arm be a minimum or a maximum? Calculations: Determine the minimum pushing force that leads to tipping.

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
07:15

Problem 83

Two spheres are each rotating at an angular speed of $24 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ about axes that pass through their centers. Each has a radius of $0.20 \mathrm{m}$ and a mass of 1.5 kg. However, as the figure shows, one is solid and the other is a thin-walled spherical shell. Suddenly, a net external torque due to friction (magnitude $=0.12 \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ ) begins to act on each sphere and slows the motion down. Concepts: (i) Which sphere has the greater moment of inertia and why? (ii) Which sphere has the angular acceleration (a deceleration) with the smaller magnitude? (iii) Which sphere takes a longer time to come to a halt? Calculations: How long does it take each sphere to come to a halt?

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
17:41

Problem 84

Smugglers. Rumor has it that a company has been smuggling gold out of the country using sealed, cylindrical barrels with hollow walls. They pour molten gold into the hollows, and then fill the remainder of the barrel's internal volume with packing peanuts. The total mass of the gold-walled barrel was designed so that it exactly matches those used to transport a volatile chemical that cannot be exposed to air (and therefore the barrel cannot be opened and checked). The X-ray machine usually used to screen containers is suspiciously damaged and not available. (a) There are 20 barrels total, and they are all identical: mass $m=50.0 \mathrm{kg}$, height $h=1.20 \mathrm{m},$ and diameter $D=0.25 \mathrm{m} .$ How do you determine which ones have walls filled with gold (and are essentially hollow on the interior except for packing peanuts) and those completely filled with the volatile chemical (a tightly-packed powder) where the mass is uniformly distributed? Hint: apply the concepts of moment of inertia. Assume that, in the case of the gold-filled barrels, the entire mass is concentrated at the outer wall of the barrel and, in the case of the barrels filled with the chemical, the mass is distributed evenly throughout the volume of the cylinder. You can neglect the circular bottoms and the lids of the barrels, and assume there is no slipping. (b) What is the acceleration of the center of mass of each of the barrels as they roll down a $30^{\circ}$ inclined plane? (c) How much time does it take each barrel to roll $10.0 \mathrm{m}$ down the $30^{\circ}$ plane?

David González Cornejo
David González Cornejo
Numerade Educator
02:22

Problem 85

A Ride Inside a Tractor Tire. You and your friends plan to roll down a hill on the inside of 600 -pound tractor tire (diameter $D=1.80 \mathrm{m}$ ). The hill is inclined at an angle of $25.0^{\circ}$ and you initially plan to start from a distance $L=100 \mathrm{m}$ up the hill, but decide to first check whether it will be safe. (a) Assuming the masses of the tire and your 105 -pound body are concentrated at the outer rim of a thin-walled cylinder/hoop, what is the effective acceleration your body experiences at the bottom of the hill where your angular speed is greatest, i.e., how many "g's" will you experience? Assuming the human body can withstand a g-force of $8.00 \mathrm{g}$ 's $\left(1 \mathrm{g}=9.80 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\right),$ is it safe to make the ride from $100 \mathrm{m}$ up the hill? (b) What is the maximum starting distance $\left(L_{\text {max }}\right)$ up the hill that is safe?

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator